The vast majority of children with preeclampsia do not have a clear clinical cause. The exact gene, site, and regulation of the heart development disorder are uncertain, but it is certain that if factors affect the development of the embryo during the third to eighth week of gestation, they may cause the fetus to develop precocious heart disease. Current studies have shown that about 5-6% of precocious heart disease is associated with chromosomal abnormalities, 2-3% with genetic defects, and about 2% with environmental factors, while in 85-90% of patients, it may be the result of multifactorial effects. Generally speaking, the causes of precocious heart disease can be grouped into three categories: 1. Infectious factors: the incidence of precocious heart disease is higher in babies born to mothers with viral infections, especially rubella virus and influenza virus infections, during the third month of pregnancy. 2, environmental factors: exposure to certain chemical substances (benzene, sulfur dioxide and other harmful gases and heavy metals such as mercury and cadmium) during the third month of pregnancy can affect the development of the embryo through the placenta and cause precocious heart disease; mothers taking certain drugs (antipyretic and analgesic drugs, certain antibiotics, antiepileptic drugs, lithium, etc.) have an increased chance of carrying a fetus with precocious heart disease; mothers with metabolic diseases, endocrine diseases (such as phenylketonuria The incidence of fetal heart malformation increases in mothers with metabolic and endocrine diseases (such as phenylketonuria, insulin-dependent diabetes, lupus erythematosus, etc.); ionizing radiation such as X-rays and isotopes can also cause fetal heart malformation. 3. Genetic factors: precardiac disease may also be related to genetic material (but this may be the same environmental factors that cause the variation of genetic material). Chromosomal abnormalities can trigger changes in genetic traits, such as Down’s syndrome, which often triggers the development of precocious heart disease in children. In 5-8% of children with precocious heart disease, chromosomal abnormalities are combined. It has been found that the incidence of precocious heart disease in children of parents with precocious heart disease is increased. If the mother has prediabetes, the child has a 2.5-18% chance of developing prediabetes, if the father has prediabetes, the child has a 1.5-3% chance of developing prediabetes, if one child has prediabetes, the child has a 1.5-5% chance of developing prediabetes, if two children have prediabetes, the third child has a 5-10% chance of developing prediabetes; however, the type of prediabetes may differ between siblings. The type of precocious heart disease may differ between siblings. Chromosomal testing is available for children with prediabetes to determine the presence of chromosomal abnormalities and the risk of having a child later in life. In addition, the incidence of fetal heart malformations increases with maternal age.