Nowadays, tumor has become a common disease in clinical practice. However, the efficacy of tumor treatment, regardless of Chinese and Western medicine, needs to be improved. Chinese medicine has a long history for tumor prevention and treatment, and has its unique theories and methods. It is beneficial to the patients’ recovery and treatment to introduce the understanding of TCM on tumor to make them understand TCM and recognize TCM, and then choose TCM correctly. In summary, the understanding of tumor in Chinese medicine is mainly focused on the following points: 1. The understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of tumor in Chinese ancient medical books, there have been discussions on the causes of tumor. In fact, even today, modern medicine has not fully explained the causes of tumors. The more unified view is that the pathogenic factors in the environment, such as various abnormal physical and chemical stimuli, as well as the internal factors of human body, such as genetic and mental factors, may be the causes of tumors. According to Chinese medicine, “qi” and “blood” are the important foundation of human physiological functions. In Chinese medicine, “qi” includes both the nutritional essence and the function of internal organs. If, for some reason, the “qi” or “blood” becomes abnormal, that is, the so-called “qi stagnation” or “blood stagnation “When this happens, it will cause disease. As for the cause of tumor, Chinese medicine believes that it is also due to excessive mental tension, depression, or the invasion of external evil (i.e. external pathogenic factors), as well as the influence of aging of the body, diet and living, etc., which cause the stagnation of qi and blood in the body and finally induce tumor. In addition, the accumulation of certain abnormal substances in the body, or the dysfunction and disorder of internal organs can be the causes of tumor. There are many descriptions of clinical symptoms of tumor in Chinese literature, including the Chinese characters of tumor and cancer, which reflect the characteristics of tumor in a more graphic way. According to the medical book “Treatise on the Origin of Diseases” written in 610 A.D., it is considered to be the “retention of qi and blood” in the body, or the retention of certain abnormal substances produced by the human body, focusing on the word “retention” which does not go away, plus the word “disease” which becomes the word “tumor”. In Chinese medicine, malignant tumor is called “cancer”, why this name? This is because malignant tumors are hard, fixed in place and have an uneven surface, just like rocks, so they are called “rock”. In ancient times, the upper part of the word “jing” is a character for “pin” and the lower part is a character for “shan”, which is the same as the character for “rock”. In ancient times, the upper part of the word “jing” was a character for “pin” and the lower part was a character for “shan”. In terms of the symptoms of tumors, the literature of traditional Chinese medicine has been quite correct in describing them, and many of them have captured the main points. According to “Treatise on the Origin of Diseases”, “Tumor is a sudden swelling in the flesh of the skin, initially plum plum size, gradually grows, without pain or itch ……”, which means that tumor grows gradually, without pain or itch, and after a longer period of time, it may grow very large and cannot subside. There are many sources of Chinese medicine on breast cancer through the ages. In the book, it is said that when the breast cancer is the size of beans or chess pieces at first, it may not have any pain or itching for two or three years, but after it grows gradually, it will have persistent pain, and when it develops again, it will be like many chestnuts piled up together, and the diseased area will gradually change color, ulcerate, and smell, and the depressed area will be like a rock cave, and the raised area will be like a lotus seed. Later on, even pain like heartburn occurs. When the body is exhausted, it is difficult to be cured. Even male breast cancer, which has a very low incidence, has been described in ancient medical texts. In the early 17th century, a case of male breast cancer was recorded in a medical book of the Ming dynasty called “Zhi Zhi Zhan Jiao”. Before the onset of the disease, the patient had been depressed because he failed to pass several “imperial examinations”. Later, he found that a small amount of fluid often came out of his left nipple, and soon a lump appeared next to his nipple. Due to the lack of early diagnosis and reasonable treatment, the lump increased in size, collapsed, and became like a cavity. These accounts are basically consistent with the symptoms and evolution of breast cancer. In addition, the literature of traditional Chinese medicine has also described laryngeal cancer, esophageal tumor, gastrointestinal tumor, thyroid tumor, skin tumor, and so on. Although Chinese medicine has long recognized that some tumors are incurable, it is not helpless to do anything about them. In addition to the overall treatment of the whole body, it also includes the measures of medication and surgical excision for tumor lesions. In the Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine written more than 2,000 years ago, it is mentioned that the treatment method to promote the dissipation of lumps should be adopted. 1700 years ago, the famous doctor Hua Tuo, when the lumps in the abdomen could not be treated by acupuncture and medicine, he gave general anesthesia to the patients and used surgery to remove them. These lumps probably included certain tumors; in the 7th century AD, it was written in the Book of Jin that “Emperor Jing had a tumor in his eyes and asked the doctor to cut it out”. This is the earliest clearly recorded case of using open surgery to remove eye tumors. In addition to the direct removal of tumors, Chinese medicine has been constantly updated in the treatment of tumors over the years, advocating the combination of internal and external medicine to eliminate cancer tumors. Internal Chinese medicine is used to support the body, activate blood circulation, resolve blood stasis, resolve phlegm and disperse nodules, clear heat and detoxify tumors, etc., in order to correct the balance of yin and yang in the body, enhance the immune function of the body, suppress tumors and eliminate them; external application of strong and poisonous products is used to fight poison with poison, resolve tumors and disperse nodules. It is equivalent to the combination of systemic chemotherapy with arterial intervention and radiation irradiation in Western medicine, i.e., the combination of systemic treatment and local treatment to cause the extinction of cancer tumors. What is more precious is that ancient doctors have also left us a large number of effective tumor treatment prescriptions/formulas that have been applied to date, the representative ones include Xiaojin Dan, Xihuang Wan, Dahuang Stinging Worm Pill, Liu Shen Wan, Pientzehuang, Scrofula Pill, Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan, Seaweed Yuhu Wan, Angelica Long Hui Wan, Plum Blossom Dotted Tongue Dan and so on. In recent decades, Chinese medicine and modern medicine have penetrated each other, complementing each other’s strengths and advantages. Chinese medicine plays an important role in cooperating with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Pre-operative Chinese medicine can enhance the tolerance of the body to surgery; post-operative treatment with Chinese medicine can reduce post-operative fever and anemia, promote the healing of surgical wounds, improve and restore the function of the relevant organs, and the immune function of the body; with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, it can reduce toxicity and increase effectiveness, i.e., reduce the suppression of bone marrow hematopoietic function caused by radiotherapy, decrease white blood cells, reduce vomiting, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal reactions; reduce It can also reduce the occurrence of complications caused by radiotherapy, such as oral mucosal ulcers, radioactive pneumonia and radioactive enteritis; and increase the inhibitory effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on cancer cells, thus improving the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Secondly, TCM is also unique in the treatment of some tumor-specific complications, such as cancer fever, pain and cancerous chest and ascites. Through comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients, TCM treats cancer fever by clearing away heat and detoxifying toxins, generating sweat and dissipating heat, and ventilating and diarrhea from the internal organs; treats cancer pain by combining internal and external treatment; and reduces cancer chest and ascites by reducing phlegm and expelling drinks, facilitating diuresis, and helping to dispel evil. In general, the characteristics of Chinese medicine in treating cancer are “simple”, “convenient”, “inexpensive” and “experimental”, so it has always been popular among patients. Therefore, it is very popular among patients. The human body has the ability of self-protection and self-healing. The human body also has its own ability to fight against tumors. When the self-protection function of human body is sufficient to contain cancerous toxin, it will be normal; when the self-protection ability of human body is not sufficient, it will be the occurrence of tumor. This self-protection ability is not necessarily proportional to the body’s positive energy. Some people with weak body may not necessarily suffer from cancer; some with strong body may suffer from cancer instead. The treatment of Chinese medicine is to try to adjust the patient’s internal environment in an attempt to maximize the body’s self-protective ability, while on the other hand, to curb the disease-causing ability of cancerous toxins. Therefore, we hope that tumor patients can enhance their disease-preventing and disease-fighting ability with the assistance of Chinese medicine, so that they can finally overcome cancer and obtain long-term survival.