Clinically, many insomnia patients expect their doctors to use some kind of special method to cure their insomnia. But in fact, except for some patients with acute insomnia who can be solved by short-term medication, most cases require a combination of treatment measures. Moreover, because the causes of insomnia, clinical manifestations, disease duration, patient’s personality and environment and other factors affecting sleep vary, the treatment plan may be completely different for different patients. The treatment of insomnia is usually individualized with a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, and is based on the treatment of the cause and the original disease, supplemented by symptomatic treatment of insomnia. Medications used to treat insomnia include sedative-hypnotics such as benzodiazepines (i.e., Valium), non-benzodiazepines and sedative antihistamines, certain antidepressants and antipsychotics that can improve sleep, as well as medications for the primary cause of insomnia. Among them, benzodiazepines such as alprazolam, eszopiclone, clonazepam, lorazepam, etc. are widely used clinically for the treatment of insomnia due to their better efficacy and safety, but the rational use of benzodiazepines is especially important because there is evidence that long-term application of benzodiazepines can lead to dependence. The principles of rational use are as follows: (1) intermittent use, e.g., 2-4 times per week; (2) short-term use, no more than 4 weeks of continuous use; (3) alternate use, no more than 2 weeks of continuous use of the same drug; (4) use the lowest effective dose; (5) do not stop the drug suddenly, but gradually reduce the drug before stopping it to avoid insomnia rebound, especially when using short-acting benzodiazepines; (6) Pay attention to adverse drug reactions, do not combine with other central depressants, and do not use for pregnant women and patients with sleep apnea syndrome. For elderly people and those with liver damage, reduce the dosage; (7) Short-acting hypnotic drugs should be used mainly for difficulty in falling asleep or insomnia in the elderly, but attention should be paid to the case of early awakening. Patients with easy awakening and early awakening can use medium-acting hypnotics. Long-acting hypnotics can be used for patients with obvious daytime symptoms of anxiety and the ability to tolerate the sedative effects of the next day, as well as for depressed patients with early awakenings. Among the non-pharmacological treatments, the main focus is on eliminating various factors that are detrimental to sleep, such as personality and environmental factors, and establishing good sleep hygiene habits. The most widely used non-pharmacological treatments are behavioral treatments, such as sleep restriction therapy, stimulus control therapy, and relaxation therapy. Relaxation therapy includes biofeedback therapy, folk relaxation techniques (such as yoga, qigong, taijiquan, etc.) and easy-to-learn relaxation steps such as meditation relaxation, abdominal breathing relaxation, progressive muscle relaxation, self-referral, etc. with the help of special instruments. Adjust the personality that is not conducive to sleep, such as impatience, anxiety, perfectionism, etc. and sleep environment, such as bedroom light, quietness, temperature, humidity, air, pajamas, bed and bedding, bedroom furnishings, etc., to establish scientific sleep hygiene habits to create internal and external conditions conducive to sleep, which plays a very important role in curing insomnia as early as possible and shortening the time of drug treatment. Scientific sleep hygiene includes: regular rest, regular wake up; bed environment is conducive to sleep; bed do not carry out activities other than sleep and sex; regular daily exercise (after the evening is prohibited); after the evening to avoid the use of psychoactive substances (wine, coffee, tea, etc.); do not eat and drink before going to bed, but can drink hot milk, compound sugar drinks; 20 minutes after going to bed still can not sleep, can get up to do some monotonous Things; do not often look at the clock when you can not sleep, do not chagrin; if insomnia, try not to nap; try not to use sleeping pills for a long time. In short, only for the specific situation of different insomnia patients, using a combination of drug and non-drug treatment of individualized comprehensive treatment plan, can really effective, fundamental cure insomnia, improve the quality of life of patients.