1.What is prostate cancer? Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the male prostate tissue and is caused by the malignant growth of prostate alveolar epithelial cells. 2.What is the cause of prostate cancer? The exact cause of prostate cancer is not yet clear, but may be related to race, heredity, food, environment and sex hormones. The incidence of prostate cancer is higher in those with family history and the age of onset is younger. Excessive intake of animal fats may promote the development of prostate cancer. Loss of function or mutation of certain genes also plays an important role in the development, progression and metastasis of prostate cancer. 3. Who is more likely to develop prostate cancer? Generally speaking, middle-aged and older men who are older than 50 years old are at high risk of prostate cancer, and the incidence of prostate cancer increases with age. Therefore, it is very meaningful to screen this group of men for prostate cancer. For men with a family history of prostate cancer, regular checkups and follow-ups should begin at the age of 40. 4.What are the signs and symptoms of prostate cancer? Most of them have no obvious clinical symptoms and are often detected during rectal examination or physical examination when the serum PSA value is elevated, or can be found in prostate enlargement surgery specimens. Prostate cancer can manifest as symptoms of lower urinary tract obstruction, such as frequent urination, urgent urination, slow urine flow, interrupted urine flow, incomplete urination, and even urinary retention or incontinence. Hematuria is mostly seen in patients with advanced stage. Distant metastasis of prostate cancer can cause bone pain, commonly in the lumbar, sacral, hip and hip pelvis. Fractures are likely to occur if the bone is significantly brittle at the site where the metastasis occurs. If prostate cancer metastases to the spine, it can lead to spinal fracture or tumor invasion of the spinal cord, which can cause nerve compression and consequently paralysis. For advanced progressive prostate cancer, fatigue, weight loss, and generalized pain can occur. As the pain seriously affects the diet, sleep and spirit, the whole body will become weaker and weaker after a long period of torture, resulting in wasting and weakness, progressive anemia and finally cachexia. 5.How to treat? There are various treatments for prostate cancer, which can be divided into two categories: curative treatment and palliative treatment. (1) Surgery: It is the most commonly used curative treatment method. Patients with early stage (T1-T2) have good prognosis for radical prostate cancer surgery. (2) Endocrine therapy: It is a kind of palliative treatment, including medication, injection, medication combined with injection and bilateral orchiectomy, which can temporarily control the progression of prostate cancer and delay the growth of cancer cells. (3) Chemotherapy: It is used to treat metastatic prostate cancer in order to slow down the growth of tumor and prolong the life of patients. Commonly used chemotherapy drugs such as docetaxel. (4) Radioactive particle implantation therapy (brachytherapy): radioactive particles are implanted into the prostate gland through the skin to kill prostate cancer by brachytherapy, which is also one of the curative treatment methods for prostate cancer. External moderate radiation therapy: It is a new method of applying external radiation therapy to prostate cancer, which can reduce the adverse effects of traditional external radiation therapy and improve the treatment effect. (5) Cryotherapy: It is a minimally invasive treatment method in which a probe is implanted through the skin in the prostate gland under ultrasound guidance, and then liquid nitrogen is injected into the probe to freeze and kill tumor cells. (6) High-energy focused ultrasound therapy and radiofrequency ablation of intra-tissue tumors, among others.