Pregnancy is a special stage and many adverse effects can harm the developing baby. Certain vaccinations given before or during pregnancy may cause fetal malformations, miscarriage, etc. Therefore, any mother-to-be and mother preparing for pregnancy must proceed with caution when receiving vaccinations. Currently, vaccines are classified as live attenuated vaccines and live inactivated vaccines. Live attenuated vaccines are made from weakly virulent or non-virulent but immunogenic pathogenic microorganisms and their metabolites, which are cultured and propagated to obtain long-term or lifelong protection. This type of vaccine does not affect the fetus after vaccination. So, which vaccines can be given to pregnant women, and which vaccines cannot be given to pregnant women? Here we will briefly talk about it. I. Vaccines that pregnant women can receive: 1. Hepatitis B vaccine Hepatitis B vaccine is an inactivated vaccine, which is mainly a genetically engineered vaccine and is relatively safe for pregnant women and their fetuses. Usually, for pregnant women who are not infected, only three doses of vaccine are required as a rule to prevent hepatitis B virus infection. For pregnant women who are suspected to be infected, they should first take a hepatitis B two-to-one test, and if they are positive for hepatitis B surface antibody, they do not need to be injected; if they are negative, they can be injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine. 2. Rabies vaccine The vaccines currently used are inactivated vaccines, which have fewer side effects. Rabies vaccine is a post-event vaccine, that is, it is injected after being bitten by an animal. In the case of animal bites, it is best to consult an obstetrician and gynecologist before considering whether to inject rabies vaccine. However, for serious cat and dog bites, rabies vaccine must be injected. 3. Encephalitis B vaccine is also a dead vaccine and can be used by pregnant women. Any pregnant women from non-endemic areas of encephalitis B (northern Northeast China, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Tibet, etc.) who come to endemic areas during the encephalitis B season (summer and autumn) and who want to continue to live during the epidemic, it is best to be vaccinated against encephalitis B to avoid the occurrence of encephalitis B. Generally speaking, people in non-epidemic areas are not immune to encephalitis B, and their condition is more critical when they get it. 4, tetanus toxoid and tetanus antitoxin For pregnant women who have never been injected with tetanus toxoid and diphtheria vaccine, or who are engaged in trauma-prone work, it is best to have tetanus toxoid injections. After 3 injections not only will you develop immunity yourself, but the antibodies produced will also protect the newborn. For pregnant women who are not immune, if they are traumatized and may contract tetanus, they should be injected with tetanus antitoxin instead of toxoid. The vaccines that pregnant women cannot receive are: 1. Viral hepatitis A vaccine If it is a dead vaccine, pregnant women can use it; if it is a live vaccine, pregnant women are better off without it. If a pregnant woman has never had viral hepatitis A, but has the possibility of contracting viral hepatitis A, such as contact with hepatitis A patients, eating suspicious food, etc., she should immediately be injected with gammaglobulin, but not the viral hepatitis A vaccine. 2. Measles vaccine This is a live attenuated vaccine, which is best not used by pregnant women. Because it is a live vaccine that can grow and multiply in the body, a pregnant woman who receives a live vaccine is equivalent to a mild infection with the virus. The virus may enter the fetus through the placenta, and despite being an attenuated vaccine, it may still multiply in fetal cells, causing miscarriage, stillbirth or congenital malformation. 3. Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine This is an inactivated vaccine and should not be administered to pregnant women. This is because the antibodies produced by the respiratory syncytial virus vaccination are IgG, which can be transferred to the fetus through the placenta. In the event of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the fetus after birth, the antibodies transferred from the mother can combine with the viral antigen to form immune complexes, which can be deposited in the alveolar capillaries and aggravate the damage of pneumonia lesions. 4. Rubella vaccine is a live vaccine and is prohibited for pregnant women. If a pregnant mother is infected with the rubella virus, 25% of rubella patients will have a preterm miscarriage, miscarriage, fetal death and other serious consequences during early pregnancy. It may also lead to congenital malformations or congenital deafness after the birth of the baby. The best way to prevent it is to get rubella vaccination at least 3 months before pregnancy. In addition to the vaccines mentioned above, chickenpox, mumps, BCG, live attenuated viral vaccine for cerebral B and flu, oral polio vaccine and pertussis vaccine should also be avoided by pregnant women. Hepatitis A vaccine, MMR vaccine, influenza vaccine and chickenpox vaccine should all be given at least 3 months before pregnancy. Pregnant mothers should ask their doctors how long it is safe to get pregnant after vaccination before planning a pregnancy to avoid the effect of vaccines on the fetus as much as possible. Vaccinations are generally best given 3 months before pregnancy, unless the mother is in the middle of a disease epidemic and must be vaccinated. If a mother-to-be needs vaccinations, she should explain her pregnancy to her doctor, as well as her past and current health conditions and allergy history, so that the specialist can decide whether or not she should get the vaccination, which is the safest and most reliable method. Likewise, mothers who are planning to get pregnant should ask their doctor how long it will be safe for them to get pregnant at the time of vaccination to avoid the effects of vaccination on the fetus as much as possible.