Benign paroxysmal vertigo is also known as otolithiasis. It is characterized by transient symptoms of vertigo when the head is in a particular position. The cause of the disease is not known, and it is considered to be related to head trauma, viral neuritis, and insufficient blood supply to the vertebrobasilar artery. The onset of the disease is characterized by a strong feeling of vertigo, which often occurs when changing the sitting position or turning over, accompanied by nausea, vomiting and other symptoms. After the onset of the disease, the patient is mainly treated by manipulation. If manipulation is ineffective, surgical treatment can be used, including semicircular canal obstruction and posterior pudendal neurectomy, etc. The disease has a tendency to heal spontaneously, but it can be treated with surgery. The disease has a tendency to heal on its own, but the length of time for self-healing varies, and the longest can be several years. Patients should have a correct understanding of the disease, maintain an optimistic attitude, and seek timely medical treatment to promote recovery.