OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the causes, treatment and preventive measures of postoperative complications of Achilles tendon rupture and to guide the clinical practice in order to prevent postoperative complications of Achilles tendon rupture from the preoperative stage. METHODS: Eighteen patients underwent surgical treatment of Achilles tendon rupture in one year from 2008.12 to 2009.12. All surgeries were performed by the same surgeon, and the patients were followed up after surgery to investigate the causes, treatment and final regression of common postoperative Achilles tendon complications. The results were analyzed and summarized. Results: All 18 cases were followed up from 2 months to 11 months, with a mean of 7.1 months. According to the ArnerLindholm scale, 14 cases were excellent, 3 cases were good, and 1 case was poor, with an excellent rate of 94.4%. Postoperative complications included 3 cases of poor incision healing, 1 case of incision infection (one of the 3 patients with poor incision healing), and 1 case of Achilles tendon adhesion. Conclusion: Patients with Achilles tendon rupture often require surgical treatment, and satisfactory outcome depends on accurate early diagnosis, correct and minimally invasive surgical operation, and standardized rehabilitation training.