The skull is one of the hardest bones in the human body and plays an important role in protecting brain tissue and maintaining a stable intracranial environment, which is essential for normal life functioning. Therefore, if a skull defect occurs, it should be repaired in a timely manner. Cranial defects, first of all, affect the appearance of the patient’s skull; in addition, the lack of a hard shell of soft tissues within the skull protection, it may be very vulnerable to external damage; secondly, cranial defects caused by the instability of intracranial pressure, but also affects the normal operation of intracranial life activities. The external manifestation is that it may lead to frequent headaches, dizziness, in addition to the patient’s fear of the defective area of pulsation, expansion, collapse, and fear of the sun, fear of vibration and even fear of noisy sounds. It may also cause inattention, memory loss, and some patients show depression, fatigue, reticence as well as low self-esteem. That is why it is essential to undergo cranial repair surgery in time after a cranial defect. Detailed steps of cranial bone repair surgery: first of all, anesthesia, disinfection, and then cut the scalp, expose the bone window, take the preoperative three-dimensional shaping of the polyetheretherketone PEEK patch, according to the shape of the patient’s cranial defect to adjust the reset and fixation, suture the scalp, the operation is completed. It is necessary to emphasize that not only is it very important to standardize the correct detailed steps of cranial bone repair surgery, but also the material of cranial bone repair is also very important. At present, the new polymer polyether ether ketone PEEK material is a very excellent material, this material can be three-dimensional molding according to the patient’s cranial data, and highly restore the anatomical structure of the skull, and it is basically the same as the autologous cranial bone in terms of elasticity, hardness, thermal insulation, stability, etc., there is no reaction to the rejection of the reaction, and will not interfere with the CT, MRI and other tests, is an excellent alternative material for cranial bone.