The roles and benefits of starch mainly include providing energy to the body and producing hydrogen. Starch is a macromolecular carbohydrate, which is formed by the polymerization of glucose molecules. The basic unit of starch is α-D-glucopyranose. 1. Provide energy for the human body: starch in the human body is first broken down into maltose by salivary amylase, and then broken down into glucose, the latter through the glycolysis process to generate pyruvate, pyruvate to generate acetyl-coenzyme A and then enter the citric acid cycle. Inside the citric acid cycle, for every glucose consumed, 6 NADH (reduced coenzyme I) and 2 FADH2 (Flavin adenine dinucleotide hydrogenator) are generated. These electrons are then passed through the ATPase within the mitochondrial membrane structure to generate a large amount of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which provides energy. 2. Manufacture of hydrogen: Starch belongs to a kind of carbohydrate and contains a large amount of hydrogen, which is very stable. It is broken down under the action of enzymes to utilize this principle. Scientists use a mixture of 13 enzymes to convert carbohydrates and water into carbon dioxide and hydrogen.