IgA nephropathy has become the most common primary glomerular disease, and nearly 30% of patients eventually develop end-stage renal disease and rely on renal replacement therapy to maintain their lives, which seriously affects patients’ quality of life and brings huge economic and mental burdens to families and society. Therefore, it is of great significance to take timely and correct prevention and treatment measures for IgA nephropathy. The prevention and treatment of IgA nephropathy can be started from the following aspects: 1, daily life For patients without obvious clinical symptoms, with the aim of protecting the kidneys, pay attention to the environment, nutrition, health education and prevention, and effectively achieve the six “don’ts”: ① don’t get infected; ② don’t get injured; ③ don’t be allergic; ④ don’t be overactive; ⑤ don’t eat indiscriminately Do not eat food indiscriminately; ⑥ Do not take medicine indiscriminately. The pathological manifestations of IgA nephropathy are diverse and the treatment options are different. A clear diagnosis of renal pathology is the key to prevention and treatment, especially for those children with a potential risk of renal failure. 3. Comprehensive treatment For patients with IgA nephropathy with chronic renal insufficiency, active treatment under the guidance of a specialist is necessary to delay the deterioration of renal function, including diet, monitoring of risk indicators and drug therapy. 4, family history investigation The occurrence of IgA nephropathy is mainly related to abnormal immune regulation, and the relationship with genetic factors is not clear, but there is an obvious family aggregation phenomenon, family history investigation and urine screening among the relatives of patients is very important and necessary for the prevention and treatment of IgA nephropathy.