Treatment of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur in the elderly

  Femoral intertrochanteric fractures are a very common injury in the elderly, with the average age of patients being even 5 to 6 years older than those with femoral neck fractures. Because of the rich blood flow in the trochanter, the fracture rarely fails to heal, but hip inversion can easily occur. Elderly patients who are conservatively treated need to be bedridden for a long time, which in turn causes relatively more complications, such as pneumonic pneumonia, decubitus ulcers, deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities and even pulmonary embolism. Liu Limin, Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University Since most of the patients are elderly, first of all, attention should be paid to the general condition to prevent various life-threatening complications due to bed rest after fracture, such as pneumonia, decubitus ulcers and urinary tract infections mentioned above. The purpose of fracture treatment is to prevent the occurrence of hip entropion deformity, and the specific treatment should be adopted according to the type of fracture, displacement, patient’s age and general condition.  Generally speaking, according to the current understanding of intertrochanteric fractures, the majority of patients should undergo surgery as long as their physical condition allows. There are two main surgical methods currently available. One is the traditional powered hip screw, the disadvantage of this method is that the surgery is very traumatic, bleeding a lot, and generally requires an incision nearly 20 cm long. The other is the minimally invasive proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation that we perform. This method requires only a very small wound (usually as little as 3 cm) to put the intramedullary nail in and then three to four locking nails can be driven in. There are usually only two small incisions of 3 cm in length. This method is not only less invasive, but also allows the patient to leave bed early and effectively reduces the occurrence of bed-ridden complications.  Currently interlocking intramedullary nailing has become a very important and major treatment method for elderly senior femoral intertrochanteric fractures.