An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a permanent dilation or distention of the aorta in the abdominal segment caused by various reasons. Patients who develop abdominal aortic aneurysms often have a pulsating mass palpable in the lower and middle abdomen, which is actually a time bomb buried in the stomach. Generally speaking, an abdominal aortic aneurysm becomes an abdominal aortic aneurysm when the diameter of the abdominal aorta exceeds 50% of the normal diameter, and those less than 50% are called abdominal aortic aneurysm-like dilatation. The natural progression of abdominal aortic aneurysms is the gradual increase in the diameter of the aneurysm and the formation of an attached thrombus. The most common site of nonspecific aneurysms in the body is the abdominal aorta below the renal artery, which may involve the iliac arteries unilaterally or bilaterally. When the aneurysm is less than 100 px in diameter, the annual growth rate of the aneurysm diameter is about 1-4 mm; when the aneurysm diameter is between 4 and 125 px, the annual growth rate of the diameter is about 4-5 mm; and when the aneurysm diameter is greater than 125 px, the annual growth rate and the chance of aneurysm rupture, or bomb explosion, increases significantly. According to incomplete statistics, the final rupture rate is about 20% when the tumor diameter is greater than 125px, and increases to 40% when the tumor is greater than 150px. Therefore, it is now generally accepted in our medical community that when the diameter of abdominal aortic aneurysm is greater than 125px, surgical treatment is required. Of course, when the diameter of the aneurysm increases rapidly in a short period of time or when there is a tendency to rupture such as pain and back pain, aggressive surgical intervention should also be performed. Because, according to the existing statistics in Europe and the United States, once the rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs, the mortality rate is greater than 50%, and most patients die out-of-hospital because they cannot seek medical attention in time, and even if their lives can be saved, some patients will have their quality of life seriously affected by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents or the resulting organ insufficiency. Therefore, the consequences caused by the explosion of this bomb are often serious or even fatal. And who planted this deadly time bomb in the human body? There are now five suspects identified: atherosclerosis, aortic than connective tissue protein degradation, inflammation and immune response, molecular genetics and biomechanical stress alterations in the canal wall. There are multiple risk factors for the development and progression of abdominal aortic aneurysms such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia that may increase the chances of aneurysm development and progression. What are the signs and symptoms of abdominal aortic aneurysm? Most abdominal aortic aneurysms are asymptomatic and are often discovered inadvertently as a pulsating mass in the abdomen during a physical examination or while lying in the horizontal position. As the aneurysm increases in size, symptoms of compression of adjacent organs or tissues, such as nausea and vomiting and other symptoms of GI obstruction or hydronephrosis, may occur. Fatal hemorrhage can occur when the aneurysm communicates with the GI tract, and arteriovenous fistulas can occur when it communicates with the inferior vena cava, resulting in acute heart failure. When an abdominal aortic aneurysm presents with persistent pain or increased back pain, it often indicates the possibility of rupture and requires urgent surgical treatment. Of course, once an abdominal aortic aneurysm is detected, it can be promptly seen in the vascular surgery department of a hospital, where a specialist physician will perform appropriate tests according to the different conditions of the patient. Commonly used examinations include ultrasound, CTA or MRA examination of abdominal vessels, which can make this deeply buried bomb invisible. After a thorough evaluation of the tumor, the specialist will make the next treatment plan based on the size of the tumor, and the patient’s physical condition. Patients with small tumors can be followed closely and risk factors need to be controlled effectively. Patients with larger aneurysms that are at risk of rupture require surgical intervention to prevent serious consequences of aneurysm rupture. There are two types of surgical procedures available: 1) traditional open surgery, in which the aneurysm is removed through an abdominal incision and an artificial vessel is used to replace the dilated abdominal aorta, together with the proximal and distal ends of the artery. 2) minimally invasive endoluminal isolation surgery (also known as endoluminal repair), in which an artificial vascular stent is implanted into the aneurysm through an incision or puncture of the femoral artery. The stent is propped open to completely isolate the autologous blood flow from the aneurysm so that the aneurysm wall is no longer subjected to the impact of blood flow, thus saving it from the risk of rupture. Both surgical methods have their advantages and disadvantages. The traditional surgical method has been used for a long time, and the surgery is more classical with exact long-term results, but it is more traumatic, slower to recover, more demanding on the patient’s general condition, and longer postoperative ICU stay. Minimally invasive surgery has been developed for more than 20 years, and its indications are being gradually relaxed with the rapid development of instruments and technology, which represents the future trend for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. However, it is important to note that the near- to mid-term results of this surgical approach are satisfactory, while its long-term results need to be further observed. The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm is gradually increasing, and the symptoms are relatively insidious after the occurrence. Therefore, patients with risk factors for aneurysm should pay enough attention and visit a hospital specialist at an early stage for early screening in order to detect and intervene early and prevent the occurrence of serious consequences.