Why is surgery not enough to cut the thymus gland for myasthenia gravis?

  Many years ago the TV series “Over the top” introduced many people to the disease myasthenia gravis. The main character in the drama showed symptoms such as not being able to drive in gear, not being able to hold a cup in his hand, many medications not working, and even eventually dying because of myasthenia gravis. It is as if myasthenia gravis is an incurable disease.  So, is it true that myasthenia gravis is untreatable? Currently, it is believed that autoantibodies produced by the thymus gland are the main cause of myasthenia gravis, and it is recommended that surgery be performed first, followed by standardized medication, thus requiring a multidisciplinary and collaborative surgical treatment program.  Myasthenia gravis is an acquired autoimmune disease with impaired neuromuscular junction transmission, characterized by fatigue of the affected skeletal muscles, aggravated by activity, and improvement of symptoms with rest and anticholinesterase drugs.  Eyelid ptosis is often the first status quo in many patients with myasthenia gravis, but in addition to this, diplopia, strabismus, dysphagia, choking on water, weakness in speech, inability to pronounce words, and easy fatigue, shrugging weakness, and difficulty in breathing may be symptoms of myasthenia gravis, and symptoms in swallowing, drinking, pronunciation, and breathing are all manifestations of a more serious condition.  There was a patient who consulted several hospitals with dysphagia as a symptom. At first, he thought it was an esophageal tumor and had several gastroscopies, but none of them found any abnormality; later, he received an injection of neostigmine (medically known as neostigmine test), and the dysphagia was immediately relieved, and only then did he realize that he had myasthenia gravis.  Treatment: surgery first, then drugs: Currently, the treatment for myasthenia gravis is generally drugs and surgery. According to the general thinking, people think to treat with drugs first, and then perform surgery if it doesn’t work. However, in fact, the general order of treatment should be surgery first, followed by standardized medication. The thymus gland is the cause of myasthenia gravis. Surgical removal of the thymus can prevent the production of acetylcholine receptor antibodies, which is an important and effective means of blocking the pathological process of myasthenia gravis and is the preferred treatment for myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis is not an incurable disease, and there are already standardized treatment protocols abroad for this disease, which in fact are multidisciplinary collaborative treatment measures that require surgery first. Active surgical treatment, combined with the collaboration of internal medicine and Chinese medicine, can achieve better results in close to 80% of patients.  However, surgical removal of the thymus alone is not enough. The surgical resection should include the thymus and its surrounding adipose tissue, as there is a certain probability that ectopic thymocytes are also present in the adipose tissue surrounding the thymus. Its clinical data of more than two thousand patients with myasthenia gravis found that ectopic thymus existed in 30% of the fatty tissue around the thymus, and some even had ectopic thymus in other parts of the anterior mediastinum. Because of this, surgical removal of the thymus along with aggressive and thorough clearance of the surrounding adipose tissue has long been a routine in foreign countries.  Generally, 2 to 4 years after surgery is the time to enter peak symptomatic remission. Therefore, pharmacological treatment is still required after surgery. Surgical treatment is only one part of the collaborative medical-surgical treatment. Even if the symptoms are gone after surgery, the medication should not be discontinued hastily, but should be reduced or discontinued according to the indicators of blood sampling, which often leads to aggravation of the disease.  The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot of people who are looking for Chinese medicine treatment, but Chen Zhenguang believes that you can continue to take Chinese medicine treatment after surgery, but you should pay attention to it.  In the opinion of Chinese medicine, myasthenia gravis is a deficiency evidence, so it is not advisable to eat cold food, such as watermelon, winter melon, as well as herbal tea, cool drinks, etc., after surgery and in general, you can eat some hot food, but also ginseng, ginseng, Astragalus; if there is a thymoma, you can also take mushrooms, Ganoderma lucidum and other immunity-enhancing food.