“Clinical diagnosis and treatment of “facial numbness

Facial numbness is a symptom that is occasionally encountered in patients who complain of “no pain, no itch” but rather “numbness in the face”. Numbness can be limited to one point, one area or half of the face, but rarely the whole face is numb. For facial numbness, nerve lesions should be the main consideration. Nerve lesions should consider the trigeminal nerve, facial nerve, and more importantly, intracranial nerve lesions. First of all, facial numbness, be alert to the possibility of upper respiratory tract infection, causing facial neuritis, mostly viral infection, predominantly cold symptoms, gradually appear ear pain, facial numbness, most patients often in the early morning when washing the face, rinsing mouth suddenly found one cheek movement is not working, the mouth is crooked. If the facial expression muscles are completely paralyzed, the forehead wrinkles disappear, the eye fissures are enlarged, the nasolabial folds are flattened, the corners of the mouth droop, and the corners of the mouth are skewed to the healthy side when the teeth are exposed. The patient’s side cannot make movements such as forehead wrinkles, frowning, eye closure, puffing and pouting. When puffing the cheeks and whistling, the affected side of the mouth leaks air because the lips cannot be closed. When eating, food residues are often retained in the gap between the teeth and cheeks of the affected side, and saliva often flows down from that side. This type is easier to diagnose, as there are symptoms of facial nerve palsy along with facial numbness. This numbness, often accompanied by treatment of facial nerve palsy, is gradually relieved and alleviated. Secondly, facial numbness should be considered as a lesion of the trigeminal nerve. Most patients with trigeminal neuralgia clinically show pain in the trigeminal nerve region, such as lightning-like pinprick-like or knife-like pain. In some patients, numbness and swelling may be present and last for a longer period of time. In some patients with trigeminal neuralgia, the onset of the disease is preceded by numbness in the face, which slowly changes from “numbness” to “pain”. We believe that this may be an aggravating process of the disease. There is also a kind of numbness due to “nerve destruction” surgery for trigeminal neuralgia, which has immediate effect, but the biggest complication is “numbness on the affected side”. In this case, it depends on the patient’s choice. In the presence of trigeminal neuralgia, the choice is between pain and “numbness instead of pain”. This numbness lasts at least a year, and as the trigeminal nerve regenerates, the numbness becomes less and less, but as the numbness decreases, the “trigeminal neuralgia” may come back. In addition to the above-mentioned trigeminal nerve and facial nerve peripheral factors, intracranial lesions that cause facial numbness should also be considered. For example, intracranial tumor invades or compresses the relevant nerve, which is important to remember in clinical diagnosis. In addition to the above “substantial” pathological factors, there is also a “hypochondriac” patient who always feels numbness in the face, but actually does not have numbness.