Acute gastroenteritis is an acute inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa. There are many ways to differentially diagnose acute gastroenteritis, and when you are once diagnosed, then how do you do it?
I. Clinical symptoms
1, a history of overeating or eating unclean and spoiled food.
2, the onset of acute, frequent nausea, vomiting, severe abdominal pain, frequent diarrhea, mostly watery stool, can contain undigested food, a small amount of mucus, and even blood, etc..
3, often with fever, headache, general discomfort and varying degrees of symptoms of poisoning.
4.In severe cases of vomiting and diarrhea, there may be dehydration, acidosis, and even shock, etc.
5.Signs are not obvious, there is pressure pain in the epigastrium and around the umbilicus, no muscle tension and rebound pain, and the bowel sounds are mostly hyperactive.
Differentiation
Parasitic infection with peripheral blood eosinophilia can be seen in parasitic diseases caused by hookworms, schistosomes, cestodes and cystic nematodes, each with its own clinical manifestations.
2, gastrointestinal tract carcinoma and malignant lymphoma can also have increased peripheral blood eosinophils, but secondary, there should be other manifestations of carcinoma and lymphoma.
3.Eosinophilic granuloma mainly occurs in the stomach and large intestine and small intestine as a limited mass, and the pathological tissue examination is eosinophilic granuloma mixed in the connective tissue stroma. History of allergy is rare, and the white blood cell count and eosinophils in the peripheral blood often do not increase.
4. In addition to increased eosinophilia in the peripheral blood, the lesion not only involves the intestine, but also extensively involves other parenchymal organs, such as the brain, heart, lung and kidney, etc. The disease has a short course and poor prognosis, and death often occurs within a short period of time.
Prevention
1. Pay attention to hygiene
Keep food, utensils, containers, refrigerators and other food preservation places, environmental cleanliness.
2, do not eat unclean food
When the food is rotten, do not eat it. It is best not to overnight meals, fruits and vegetables must be cleaned before consumption.
3.Avoid stimulation
Diet should be light, try to avoid stimulating food, such as chili, coffee, strong tea, etc.. The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and most popular items.
The diet of acute gastroenteritis
1, the attack is best to use a liquid diet, food should be fine and soft, less residue, less greasy, easy to digest, such as rice soup, almond tea, clear soup, light tea, lotus root powder, peeled red dates soup, should be mainly liquid food, to be alleviated, can gradually transition to semi-liquid food.
2, heavy vomiting diarrhea, it is advisable to drink sugar saline, replenish water and sodium salt. If water loss due to vomiting and electrolyte disorders, intravenous injection of glucose saline and other solutions should be given.
3, unsuitable food: consumption of gas-producing and fatty foods, such as milk, soy milk, sucrose, etc.
V. Western medical treatment
1.General treatment
Try to rest in bed and take oral glucose an electrolyte solution to replenish the loss of body fluid. If vomiting persists or dehydration is obvious, intravenous supplementation of 5%-10% glucose saline and other related electrolytes is required. Encourage ingestion of light liquid or semi-liquid food crystals to prevent dehydration or treat minor dehydration.
2.Symptomatic treatment
Antiemetic drugs can be injected if necessary: for example, intramuscular chlorpromazine 25-100MGL day. Antispasmodics: such as belladonna 8NKan 11 times, 3 times a day. Antidiarrheal drugs: such as Simethicone 1 bag each time, 2-3 times a day.
3.Antibacterial treatment
The therapeutic effect of antimicrobial agents on this disease is controversial. For infectious diarrhea, some targeted antimicrobial agents can be used, such as oral safranin 0.3G 3 times a day or oral gentamicin 80,000 U 3 times a day. But pay attention to prevent yourself from antimicrobial abuse.
Six, Chinese medicine treatment
1.Gastrointestinal damp heat
The disease starts rapidly with frequent nausea, vomiting and acid swallowing, abdominal pain, urgent diarrhea, unpleasant stools, yellowish-brown and smelly feces, thirsty for drinks, disturbed heart, short and red urine, yellow and greasy tongue coating, confused or slippery pulse.
Treatment: Clearing heat and dampness, regulating Qi to stop diarrhea.
Herbs: Pueraria lobata 10g, Scutellaria baicalensis 10g, Huanglian 6g, Mu Xiang 10g, Poria cocos 12g, Plantago ovata 10g, White lentil 10g, Coix seed 15g, Lotus leaf 10g, Raw licorice 6g.
2.Cold and damp obstruction
Vomiting clear water. Nausea, diarrhea like water, abdominal pain and intestinal tinnitus with chills and fever, soreness in the neck or joints of the whole body, thin white or white greasy coating, and a Ba pulse.
Treatment: Dispersing cold and removing dampness, harmonizing the middle Jiao and stopping diarrhea.
Herbs: Huo Xiang 10g, Daji Pi 10g, Bai Zhi 10g, Zi Su 10g, Fu Ling 12g, Qing Han Xia 10g, Bai Zhu 10g, Chen Pi 10g, Hou Pu 10g, Ginger 5g, Licorice 6g.
Chinese patent medicine: Huo Xiang Zheng Qi Water, abdominal pain water.
3.Eating stagnant stomach and intestines
Nausea and anorexia in the heart, getting food more and more, vomiting after the reversal of fast; abdominal cramps, diarrhea foul smell, mental discomfort, thick and greasy tongue coating, pulse is slippery and real.
Treatment: Eliminating food stagnation, harmonizing the stomach and lowering rebellion.
Prescription: Jiao Shanzha 10 grams, Shen Qu 10 grams, made of Semen 10 grams, Poria 12 grams, Chen Pi 10 grams, Lycopodium 10 grams, large belly skin 10 grams.
Prepared Chinese medicine: Baohe Pill, Xianglian Huayu Pill.
Seven, care
1. Patients with acute gastroenteritis should rest in bed and pay attention to keeping warm.
2. Patients in the acute stage often have vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, and lose more water, so they need to replenish fluids, and can supply fresh fruit juice, lotus root powder, rice soup, egg soup and other liquid food, and drink more boiled water and light salt water as appropriate.
3, in order to avoid gastrointestinal fermentation, flatulence, the acute period should avoid eating beef and other easy to produce gas food, and minimize the intake of sucrose. Attention should be paid to dietary hygiene. Avoid eating high-fat fried, deep-fried and smoked and waxy fish, vegetables and fruits containing more fiber, stimulating drinks, foods and condiments, etc.