A high protein diet is a daily diet that involves the intake of foods that are high in protein. High protein diet is one of the most important factors affecting human health. The International Society for Nutrition’s RNI for protein in healthy adult individuals is 0.8 g/kg/d. High protein foods include milk, eggs, poultry, fish and seafood. The amount of protein consumed depends on an individual’s daily physical activity, the quality of the protein, the state of energy supply, and the amount of carbohydrate intake. A moderate diet of high-protein foods allows for the intake of high-quality protein, which provides the body with essential amino acids. Excessive protein intake, especially excessive consumption of animal protein can lead to heart disease, stroke, osteoporosis and kidney stones. Therefore, patients with the above diseases should pay attention to controlling protein intake (especially animal protein) to avoid aggravating their conditions.