When it comes to heart surgery, most patients initially refuse to have it. The heart is one of the most important organs in the human body, so how can it be operated on? Indeed, not all cardiovascular diseases are suitable for surgical treatment, and there are strict clinical indications for each kind of surgery, so it is important to listen to what the patient’s heart has to say about whether to operate or not. Coronary heart disease is not a minor disease It is well known that coronary heart disease is one of the most dangerous cardiovascular diseases, and nearly half of all heart disease deaths are in patients with coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease is like an invisible killer that threatens our health. Coronary artery disease occurs mainly in the coronary arteries, the arteries that supply blood to the heart, which are divided into three main branches (the left anterior descending branch from the left coronary, the left circumflex branch and the right coronary artery) that run on the surface of the heart. When our blood lipids are high, the coronary arteries may leave a residue similar to scale in the blood vessels, which will gradually change the structure of the vessel wall and eventually form coronary atherosclerosis, once the atherosclerosis causes the coronary arteries to narrow and affect the blood supply to the heart muscle, it becomes coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, which is commonly known as coronary heart disease. Every patient with coronary heart disease has more or less narrowed arteries. If you pay attention to your lifestyle habits and actively cooperate with the relevant disease treatment, you may be able to control your condition by adhering to the medication, or at least not let the arteries become narrower until myocardial infarction. However, the onset of the disease in many patients in the clinic is not so simple. When the coronary artery is narrowed to the point that it seriously affects the blood supply to the heart, medication alone is somewhat reluctant. Bypass also depends on the indicators In 2005 ACC (American College of Cardiology) and AHA (American Heart Association) have proposed in their guidelines that coronary artery bypass can be the first choice of treatment in cases such as left main coronary artery lesions, lesions in all three coronary arteries and diffuse lesions that are not suitable for treatment by intervention. So the question arises, how can a patient determine whether an artery is diseased and whether the stenosis is severe? First, there are the symptoms. Angina pectoris is the distress signal from the heart, indicating that the heart muscle has been severely ischemic. Patients often feel a crushing pain in the chest, sometimes with a feeling of suffocation, and if the condition is not controlled in a timely manner, there is a risk of heart attack and even life-threatening. Generally speaking, angina at rest is more serious than angina during exercise, which indicates myocardial ischemia, and the incidence of angina at rest is high at night. Therefore, once resting angina occurs, it must be taken very seriously. The other thing is the examination. Generally, doctors will recommend patients to undergo transcoronary angiography to confirm the stenosis of the artery. In clinical practice, we usually recommend surgery in the following cases: l. The main trunk of the coronary artery or the proximal end of the anterior descending branch/gyrus is significantly stenosed >70%, and the three vessels are diffusely diseased, especially if the left ventricular ejection fraction of the heart function is low. 2. The stenosis of the three branches of the coronary artery is more than 75%. Usually the more severe the artery stenosis, the more obvious the advantage of surgical treatment, because coronary artery bypass grafting is to build a new channel between the proximal and distal ends of the coronary artery stenosis, so that the blood can avoid the original artery stenosis and reach the place where the blood supply is needed, just like building an overpass on a congestion-prone traffic section, which can directly and effectively clear the congestion and improve the traffic. It is important to note that the surgery can bring about a qualitative change for patients with coronary artery disease, and if there are no accidents, the bridge vessel can be maintained unobstructed for a long time. But the prerequisite is that the patient must take care of it to prevent the bridge vessel from narrowing again. This requires patients to make more efforts in general, such as quitting smoking and reducing salt, eating less greasy food, exercising appropriately, and going to the hospital regularly to test the cardiovascular condition and control blood pressure, blood lipids, blood sugar and other indicators under the guidance of doctors to avoid recurrence of the disease.