Cancer vaccine is a biological response modifier, and the anti-tumor effect of cancer vaccine belongs to biological therapy of tumor. Tumor biotherapy is a method of tumor treatment developed on the basis of tumor immunotherapy. After introducing cancer vaccine into the body, it can mobilize the intrinsic defense function in the body, improve the body’s own immune function, remove tumor cells, and restore the lost balance between the body’s immune system and tumor cells again and keep it stable, so as to finally achieve the purpose of tumor treatment. The factors affecting the effect of cancer vaccine are mainly tumor load, malignancy degree of tumor itself and patient’s own immune status, etc. Currently, the commonly used cancer vaccines include cervical cancer vaccine and BCG vaccine to prevent cervical cancer.