It refers to the chronic partial or complete obstruction of the portal vein or intrahepatic branches of the portal vein, resulting in obstruction of portal blood flow and causing increased portal pressure. To reduce portal hypertension, varices may occur in the superficial abdominal wall veins located around the umbilicus after the formation of collateral circulation around the portal vein or recanalization of the obstruction. In hepatic portal hypertension, the main manifestations are portal hypertension and secondary rupture of esophagogastric fundic varices and/or associated portal hypertensive gastropathy. Patients may have recurrent vomiting of blood and tarry stools with mild to moderate splenomegaly and hypersplenism; therefore, the liver function of such patients is good, so ascites, jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy rarely occur. Occasionally, spongy degenerative collateral vessels may compress the common bile duct and varices may occur in the superficial veins of the abdominal wall around the umbilicus. The following diseases may also cause abdominal wall venous anger: 1, pediatric glycogen storage disease type IV glycogen storage disease (GSD) is a group of congenital enzyme defects caused by the disorder of glycogen metabolism, glycogen storage disease type IV (glycogen storage disease type IV) is also known as branched chain amylopectinosis ( Glycogen storage disease type IV, also known as branched-chain amylopectinosis and Andersens disease, is caused by a defect in amylose 1,4-1,6 transglucosidase. There is abnormal glycogen accumulation in the patient’s liver, kidney, spleen, muscle and nervous system, especially in hepatocytes, and the diagnosis can be established by examining branching enzymes in liver, leukocytes and fibroblasts, with normal intelligence. There is no special treatment for this disease, only symptomatic treatment. 2, congenital small intestinal atresia and intestinal stenosis jejuno-ileal atresia is an important cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction, the traditional concept of jejuno-ileal atresia and ileo-ileal atresia as the same disease, Heij (1990) proposed that jejuno-ileal atresia and ileo-ileal atresia are two independent diseases, he has conducted a comparative analysis of a group of cases of jejuno-ileal atresia and ileo-ileal atresia, and found that there are significant differences. Those with jejunal atresia had low birth weight or were premature, and more than half of them had multiple atresia or Apple-Peel atresia. There is a more pronounced genetic predisposition for jejunal atresia, with more dizygotic twins or members of the same family with the same patient, and a higher rate of coexisting other malformations than ileal atresia. The length of hospital stay after jejuno-atresia is long, and the morbidity and mortality rate is also higher. Therefore, the relationship between the two needs to be further corroborated. Cirrhosis of the liver (cirrhosis of licer) is a disease of diffuse and progressive liver damage caused by various factors, with extensive degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, destruction of the reticulin structure, regeneration of hepatocyte nodules, massive connective tissue proliferation to form fibrous compartments, formation of pseudolobules, and atrophy and hardening of the liver. The main clinical manifestations are liver function impairment and portal hypertension, and the early symptoms are not obvious. In the late stage, serious complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy and secondary infection appear, which endanger the life of mother and child, and the maternal mortality rate of pregnancy combined with cirrhosis was reported to be very high in the past, and it was not advocated to continue pregnancy in patients with cirrhosis in the past. In recent years, advances in the treatment of cirrhosis and the strengthening of perinatal monitoring have led to a better prognosis for cirrhosis in pregnancy. 4. Neonatal gastric perforation is a rare acute abdominal disease in pediatric surgery, with a higher incidence in blacks than in whites, according to the literature. In recent years, due to the development of neonatal surgery and anesthesia techniques and the rational use of antibiotics and supportive therapy, the death rate has decreased significantly. This indicates the importance of early diagnosis and surgical treatment. 5. celiac disease Celiac disease (chyloperitoneum) is an accumulation of celiac fluid in the abdominal cavity due to abnormal leakage of celiac fluid from the intra-abdominal lymphatic system, which is rare and has a complex pathogenesis, either due to congenital developmental disorders or due to trauma. The disease has a significant impact on the nutritional development of the patient and the prognosis is better with timely diagnosis and treatment. The disease can be manifested as acute peritonitis type and chronic peritonitis type. 6, pediatric primary peritonitis Primary peritonitis (primary peritonitis) includes spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (infection of the ascites, often associated with chronic liver disease or nephrotic syndrome) and peritonitis associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, pneumococcal and Neisseria infections (the latter is likely to occur in prepubertal girls), which refers to the absence of an obvious focus of primary infection in the peritoneal cavity, with the pathogen It is an acute purulent infection caused by the entry of pathogens into the abdominal cavity via blood, lymph or through the intestinal wall or female genital tract. Since the widespread use of antibiotics, the incidence of the disease has decreased significantly, and the improvement in the level of diagnosis has led to timely treatment in many cases and a much improved prognosis.