Cervical cancer, the second highest incidence and mortality rate of malignant tumors in women in China, has 465,000 new cancer patients each year. Studies have found that HPV can be detected in about 90% of cervical cancer patients , with high-risk HPV being closely associated with cervical cancer. Women with persistent HPV infection have a high risk of developing high levels of squamous epithelial cervical damage over a long period of time, suggesting that cervical precancer and cervical cancer are closely associated with HPV infection, especially high-risk HPV types such as HPV16/18, and increase with higher HPV16/18 detection rates. Some scholars believe that HPV 52 and 58 are Asian types, and the majority of patients in Japan and China’s Hunan, Guangzhou and Hong Kong are HPV 52 and 58 types. HPV infection also has an impact on the prognosis of cervical cancer. The expression of HPV in each cancer tissue was determined by in situ hybridization, and when comparing patients with clinical stage IIb, the HPV positivity rate of patients surviving for less than 10 years was significantly higher than that of the group surviving for more than 10 years, indicating that cervical cancer patients with HPV infection have a poorer prognosis. Young and middle-aged women are the peak area of high-risk HPV infection, with HPV infection rates as high as 1639/100,000 in women aged 20 years or older, with HPV infection rates ≥2000/100,000 in women in the 25-30 and 30-34 age groups. In recent years, cervical HPV infection has a younger trend, and the incidence of cervical cancer in young women has also increased significantly, with an annual growth rate of 2%-3%. HPV typing: More than 100 types of HPV DNA have been identified, of which more than 30 are related to cervical infection and lesions. According to its pathogenic power, it is divided into high-risk and low-risk types. The International Association for Research on Cancer analyzed the data of 11 case-control studies in 9 countries and classified 12 types of HPV 6,11,40,42,43,44,54,61,70,72,81,cp6 108 as low-risk types, which mainly cause ectopic condyloma-like lesions on the perianal skin of the genital tract and the lower part of the vagina, flat condyloma-like lesions and low-grade uterine warts. The high-risk types are HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68, 73, 82, etc., which mainly cause CIN grade II-III lesions and cervical cancer, and CIN grade I with persistent high-risk HPV infection is prone to progress to CIN. CIN grade I is prone to progress to CIN II-III. The prevention of cervical cancer is firstly to prevent HPV infection and secondly to screen for cervical disease among HPV-infected patients to detect early lesions. High-risk HPV vaccine is now available for young women to prevent cervical cancer by controlling HPV infection. It is believed that cervical cancer will soon become a manageable and preventable disease.