Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), which are now treated as unified diseases due to their interconnected pathogenesis.VTE is common, with an incidence of 1 in 1,000 in the United States and Europe, and is on the rise and is associated with an increased risk of death, with high early mortality rates for both DVT and PE of 3.8% and 38.9%, respectively. The development of noninvasive diagnostic techniques has simplified the diagnosis of VTE and improved detection rates. However, fatal PE can be the first manifestation of the disease. In addition, advanced age is a risk factor for VTE and its complications, and the increase in the aging population will certainly lead to increased mortality and disability from this disease in the future. Pulmonary embolism has serious consequences when it occurs, and venous thromboembolism should be prevented with emphasis. Venous thromboembolic disease has received increasing attention, and with advances in anticoagulant drugs, easy and unmonitored anticoagulation has become the trend in treatment. Therefore, low molecular heparin occupies an important place in prevention and treatment. The new drug sulforaphane sodium has been studied extensively in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism, and has become the anticoagulant of choice, especially for the prevention of thromboembolism in orthopaedic joint replacement. However, its value in treatment remains to be further confirmed. However, there are still many unresolved issues in both prevention and treatment, such as indications for thrombolytic therapy, indications for thromboembolic prophylaxis and timing of drug administration, etc. There is no ideal method for the treatment of PTS and CTPH. In conclusion, once venous thromboembolism occurs, the consequences are serious, and prevention should be emphasized, and evidence-based treatment should be emphasized. Outpatient clinics for thromboembolic diseases are recommended to standardize treatment monitoring and patient management. Only then can we control from upstream, ensure the continuity and effectiveness of treatment, and narrow the gap between clinical reality and medical evidence. It is important and urgent to unify the understanding of thromboembolic diseases, standardize medical practices, and establish a reasonable three-dimensional prevention system.