Women with back pain and yellow urine must pay attention to the presence of kidney stones. The movement of stones in the renal calyces, renal pelvis or ureter will lead to pain in the lower back, and stones rubbing against the mucous membrane may lead to bleeding, and the urine may have yellowing; it is also possible that not enough water is drunk and the urine is concentrated, leading to yellow urine. Not drinking enough water and the concentration of crystalline material in the urine increases, which may lead to the stones getting bigger and increasing again, thus causing the size of the stones to become larger. Ultrasound examination is recommended to make an effective diagnosis, while back pain should be noted for lumbar muscle strain and lumbar disc lesions, which may require a visit to urology and orthopedics.