Overview.
Paranasal sinus bronchial syndrome is paranasal sinusitis with bronchitis.
Etiology
It is often caused by an infection, which may be descending (infection of the paranasal sinuses followed by descending transmission into the lower respiratory tract) or ascending (infection of the lower respiratory tract followed by spreading to the upper respiratory tract). It is also thought to be related to genetic factors.
Symptoms
Most of them start with rhinitis, paranasal sinusitis and/or bronchitis, manifested by alternating nasal congestion, clear or purulent nasal discharge, headache and localized pressure pain. Chronic bronchitis is characterized by recurrent cough, coughing up mucus sputum or pus sputum, wheezing, hemoptysis when combined with bronchiectasis, and severe dyspnea and cyanosis when complicated by capillary bronchitis. Wet rales can be heard in the lungs.
Examination
In combination with upper respiratory tract infection, the total number of white blood cells may be elevated.
Chest X-ray shows increased lung texture, bronchography shows cystic or columnar shadows, and paranasal sinus tile films help in the diagnosis of paranasal sinusitis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis can be made on the basis of clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations and X-ray features.
Complications
Chronic bronchitis is characterized by recurrent cough, coughing up mucous sputum or pus sputum, wheezing, hemoptysis when combined with bronchiectasis, and severe dyspnea and cyanosis when complicated by capillary bronchitis.
Treatment
Anti-infection treatment, for paranasal sinuses with pus should be puncture or surgical treatment. Bronchitis should be treated symptomatically, such as stopping cough, expectorant and asthma. When the disease develops into chronic pulmonary heart disease, it should be treated accordingly.