Is congenital skull defect a poor development? I wonder if any mother has observed the shape of her child’s head at birth, it is not round and symmetrical at birth. We also know that at this time the child’s head has not yet grown into shape, many mothers in order to let the child have a perfect head shape from childhood began to shape the baby’s sleeping posture, afraid that the child lost in the starting line, so it can be seen that the cranial shape in the people’s perception of the importance of it. However, there is another type of babies who are born with cranial defects, what is going on in this case? Congenital cranial defects are caused by developmental or ossification disorders in the embryonic period, or by the cessation of ossification after birth. The defect area is mostly deviated from the midline, and most of them are symmetrical or asymmetrical. Cranial cap defects do not cause neurological symptoms. The defects in the orbital apex and the large wing of the butterfly bone may cause pulsatile proptosis or pulsatile intraocular invagination. In this case, parents must pay attention to the fact that cranial defects are not equivalent to the normal development and growth of young children, and they will not develop on their own to make the cranial form reach a normal state. If the skull defect is very large, the doctor will usually recommend skull repair surgery, because skull defects are extremely dangerous. Parents should not ignore it. The long-term skull defect in children will bring many hazards to children, including affecting the development of the child’s brain, causing skull defect syndrome in children, and increasing the risk of re-injury due to the child’s mobility. They may also resist things such as fear of sunlight, vibration and even loud noises. Cranial defects in children become larger as the brain tissue develops, which may affect normal brain development and lead to mental retardation. It also affects children’s life and social life and causes psychological disorders. Cranial defects in children become larger as brain tissue develops and may affect normal brain development and lead to mental retardation. In less severe cases, the damage may manifest as headache, anxiety, depression, dizziness, panic, chest tightness, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance or neurological disorders. Those with severe injuries have more sequelae, such as paralysis of limb functions, urinary and fecal incontinence, memory impairment, and dementia. The best time for congenital cranial defect surgery: congenital cranial defect is not the best time for surgery when the child is just born, but the best time for repair is after 5 to 6 years old. Because children within 5 years of age, the skull is still developing and the defective part will not grow bigger and bigger, cranial repair is not recommended. 6 to 10 years of age, the development is relatively slow and can be treated surgically, but with a margin. Generally, above the age of 10, the skull is basically formed and surgery can be performed. It is noted here that although there is an optimal treatment time for surgery, parents of patients can also plan for their children early by reviewing more literature related to cranial defects and looking for experienced physicians and more authoritative hospitals, all of which are good things for the success rate of their children’s future surgeries. The best material for congenital skull repair surgery: Most of the cranial repair materials used in clinical practice are titanium mesh and peek polyetheretherketone. Peek is the most suitable material for congenital skull repair. Peek material has better performance compared to other materials, the advantage of the material compared to titanium mesh is that it has better histocompatibility. It is more comfortable and has enhanced thickness. And it is comparable to the performance of autologous cranial bone in terms of elasticity, heat transfer, stiffness, and stability. It is similar to human cranial bone. Especially for pediatric patients, it can better adapt to the growth and development of human autogenous cranial bone. And it will have lower infection rate and rejection rate. The most important point is that polyetheretherketone material is a material that can be plasticized in three dimensions, and it can be customized in three dimensions according to different patients. It truly restores the physiological structure of the skull perfectly. The aesthetic purpose can be well achieved after surgery. In conclusion: congenital cranial defects may be related to the development in the embryo, or there may be other causes. Congenital cranial defects are very dangerous and should not be taken lightly, and surgery is recommended. The best choice of material is peek, and the best time for surgery is after the age of 5. It is recommended to choose an experienced surgeon and a trustworthy hospital for the surgery. The operability and safety of the surgery are ensured.