Yang Feng, a 21-year-old junior student, was admitted to Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital due to brain stem tumor combined with hydrocephalus, and Professor Song Ming of Sanbo Neuroendoscopy Center operated on him using neuroendoscopic technology to relieve the hydrocephalus. Yang Feng from Inner Mongolia was in his senior year of high school five years ago when his vision dropped and both hands shook frequently. Half a month ago, he developed headache, nausea and vomiting. Professor Song Ming saw through the patient’s imaging data that a tumor in the posterior part of the third ventricle of Yang Feng’s brain had blocked the cerebral aqueduct, causing obstruction to the normal circulation of cerebrospinal fluid and resulting in severe acute hydrocephalus. Under the endoscopic technique, Professor Song Ming performed a third ventriculostomy for Yang Feng, which successfully relieved the hydrocephalus. Professor Song Ming introduced that neuroendoscopic surgery can not only relieve hydrocephalus without putting drains; it can also take biopsies during the operation to get tumor pathology diagnosis and guide further treatment. If conditions allow, the tumor in the brain can also be removed together, so that one minimally invasive surgery can solve two big problems, hydrocephalus and tumor. This is incomparable to bypass surgery. Using neuroendoscopic surgery, it is less traumatic, has clear vision, can observe the lesion at a close distance, and has precise surgical operation, which reduces the surgical injury and improves the surgical efficacy. It is also less painful after surgery, faster recovery, shorter hospital stay and lower cost. At present, the diseases that can be treated by neuroendoscopy mainly include hydrocephalus, pituitary tumor, intracranial arachnoid cyst and other diseases.