The pituitary gland, located in the lower part of the thalamus, is a small ovoid body that is one of the most complex endocrine hormones in the body. The hormones it produces are not only related to the growth and development of the body, but also affect the endocrine function. The pituitary gland is divided into two parts: the anterior lobe secretes growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, gonadotropin, and prolactin; the posterior lobe secretes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone. If a lesion occurs in the pituitary gland, such as a tumor in the pituitary gland, it can lead to an increase in the secretion levels of the above mentioned hormones, which can cause hyperthyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome, gigantism, acromegaly, etc. If the pituitary gland is damaged, hypothyroidism, hypoadrenocorticism, hypogonadism, and posterior lobe damage will result in urogynecology. Therefore, the pituitary gland is a very important endocrine gland in our body.