The incidence of chronic constipation is increasing in children, but the reasons for its occurrence vary from age to age, and the strategies for its management are completely different. First, in infants and toddlers fed with formula or breast milk, the frequency of bowel movements may decrease, which is mostly normal and can be left untreated. Secondly, constipation is more likely to occur in infants and toddlers during the complementary feeding stage, mostly due to improper addition of complementary foods or insufficient fiber content. Finally, after school age, the occurrence of constipation in children is mostly related to their dietary structure and low activity level as well as poor toileting habits. Therefore, pediatric constipation is mostly functional and congenital disorders (megacolon) are less common, but need to be actively excluded in the management of the child. The treatment of pediatric constipation focuses on conventional therapies such as increased fluid intake, increased exercise, increased fiber intake, and toilet training, etc. When conventional therapies are not effective, first-line drugs such as polyethylene glycol and lactulose can be added. For children with intractable constipation, cascade enemas are feasible, but stimulant laxatives are not recommended for early use in children, as they are fast-acting but can easily cause dependence. Medical advice needs to be followed when using them. Although prebiotics and probiotics are not used as routine treatment in the guidelines, they may become a new approach to pediatric constipation treatment in the future as more and more prebiotics are developed and more clinical studies find a possible role for prebiotics and probiotics in the treatment of some pediatric constipation.