Hydronephrosis is a common pediatric congenital disorder that requires surgical treatment. Surgical treatment methods have evolved in recent years, from open surgery to endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery. We have recently performed laparoscopic surgery for pediatric hydronephrosis and have gained insight into this surgical modality. Compared with traditional open surgical methods, laparoscopic surgery has the following advantages: 1. Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical method with little trauma, less bleeding and faster recovery. 2, the previous open hydrocele surgery because of the risk of anesthesia and other reasons, generally to be implemented in children after half an age surgery, now due to the minimally invasive technology of laparoscopy, so that children at 2 months or younger can withstand surgery, can be released as early as possible obstruction, conducive to the recovery of kidney function. 3.Laparoscopic surgery has a large field of view and can clearly remove the excess renal pelvis tissue, and the anastomosis is more delicate, so the surgical effect is better. 4. After laparoscopic surgery, there are only three very small wounds (5 mm) in the child’s abdomen, two of which overlap with the belly button and are barely visible, while traditional open surgery has a 3-4 cm wound scar on the child’s waist, which will accompany the child for the rest of his life.