Treatment principle 1: Avoid exposure to allergens
1.Reduce indoor pollution
1.If you live in a new apartment, you should first test the pollution index in the environment and avoid irritating odors such as paints and lacquers.
2, keep the room clean and dust-free, it is best to use vacuum cleaners to clean.
3, often ventilation, keep the air circulation, pollen season to prevent the invasion of allergens.
4.Use bedding without down products indoors.
5.Control indoor humidity to prevent the growth of mold.
2. Avoid outdoor “urban pollution” and protect the environment.
1.If you are known to be allergic, try to stay away from flowers and plants when you go out to avoid pollen, and wear a mask if necessary.
2. Don’t dry sheets and bedding outdoors because pollen and dust will get on them.
3. Keep away from cute pets
1.Choose small animals without fur, such as sea turtles and goldfish.
2.Little animals with fur should be kept outdoors.
3.After contact with pets, be sure to clean up the places on your body that you have touched, including clothing.
Treatment principle two: standardized medication
1, medication plays an important role in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. The main ones are.
1, antihistamines.
2.Decongestants
3.Nasal spray glucocorticoids
4, other: anti-leukotriene drugs, mast cell stabilizers, etc.
2, antihistamines: oral and nasal spray
1.Advantages: faster action, better effect on itchy nose, runny nose, sneezing.
2.Deficiency: almost ineffective for nasal congestion, no preventive effect.
3, adverse reactions: sedation, drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision (obvious in the first generation), liver function damage.
4.Representative drugs: oral paracetamol, ketotifen, terfenadine, keratan, kestrin
Nasal spray Lefotene Azelastine
3.Nasal mucosa decongestants: mainly nasal drops
1.Advantages: It can shrink the nasal blood vessels, temporarily relieve nasal congestion and make breathing easier.
2.Deficiency: ineffective for nasal itching, sneezing and runny nose, long-term use will lead to drug rhinitis and rebound nasal congestion.
3.Use with caution in patients with high blood pressure and heart disease, which may lead to adverse reactions.
4.Representative drugs: ephedrine, etc.
4.Preferred drugs: nasal spray glucocorticoids
1.It can fully relieve nasal symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose, nasal itching and eye symptoms.
2.It has both therapeutic and preventive effects.
3.It is safe to use and suitable for long-term use.
4.Representative drugs: Cozulan (fluticasone propionate nasal spray)
Nesuna (mometasone furoate nasal spray)
Ranocort (budesonide nasal spray)
5.Other.
1.Anti-leukotrienes, representative drugs: montelukast (cisplatin), zallust, etc.
2, mast cell stabilizers, representative drugs: sodium cromoglycate, etc.
Treatment principle three: specific desensitization therapy (immunotherapy)
Immunotherapy is the only treatment recommended by the World Health Organization that targets the etiology of allergic diseases and can alter their natural pathogenesis
The use of nasal sprays
1.Before use, clean out the nasal cavity, shake the spray well and exhale gently to make the nostrils clear.
2.When using the drug, it should be given alternately, i.e., left hand spraying the right nostril and right hand spraying the left nostril to avoid mechanical damage to the nasal septum.