Bacterial culture is a technique for the growth and reproduction of bacteria by artificial means. Bacterial identification is the process of comparing unknown bacteria by their biological characteristics with known strains for similarity and determining the classification of the bacteria by comparative analysis methods. Most bacteria can be cultured artificially, that is, they are inoculated on a culture medium and allowed to grow and multiply. Cultured bacteria are used for research, identification and applications. Bacterial identification methods include biochemical identification, nucleic acid testing, serologic identification, automated instrumental identification, and mass spectrometry techniques. The general specimens examined by bacterial culture include urine, sputum, throat swabs or blood, which are used to determine whether these specimens contain bacteria, and different culture media are selected depending on the site of sample collection and the type of bacteria. Through culture, the presence of pathogenic bacteria can be detected, and then drug sensitivity tests can be performed, which can both make a pathogenic diagnosis and guide treatment. If the results of bacterial culture identification are abnormal, it is recommended to consult a doctor in time to clarify the cause of the disease and carry out targeted treatment with the help of a doctor.