For locally advanced rectal cancer, neoadjuvant radiotherapy is recommended first. Usually, when rectal tumor invasion is found to be deeper during examination, such as T3 or T4, that is, invasion to subplasma or invasion to plasma membrane, or lymph nodes with tumor metastasis around the rectum, usually 2-3 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be done. It can shrink the mass or lymph nodes and aim for radical resection. Radiotherapy is the main treatment method and chemotherapy is supplementary. The total radiation quality is at 50Gy, then the treatment is divided into 25 times, while oral capecitabine chemotherapy drug is taken for treatment. If the patient’s neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment is effective, generally stop the drug for 2 months and consider surgery again.