Drug-refractory epilepsy can be considered when the epilepsy is clearly typed with targeted medication, regular medication for 6 months, and a combination of two medications is ineffective. For this type of epilepsy, it can be considered to enter the stage of surgical evaluation, through the treatment of surgery, most of the drug-refractory epilepsy can achieve a good control effect. Can drug-refractory epilepsy be cured In fact, no doctor can guarantee that epilepsy will be cured after surgery, but the effect of surgery is related to the type of epilepsy, if the patient is a very clear temporal lobe epilepsy, then it is generally considered that the likelihood of surgical cure is more than 80%. In terms of our surgical data from the Epilepsy Center of Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, temporal lobe epilepsy is also better than other types of epilepsy. Director Ma Juhong emphasized that the clearer the cause of epilepsy, the greater the possibility of radical treatment. There are many types of epilepsy surgery available, such as temporal lobe epilepsy, which can be treated by resection of the temporal lobe and medial temporal lobe structures. There are also minimally invasive surgeries, like in insular lobe epilepsy, where we can achieve good results even after treatment with thermal coagulation. Another example is hemispheric epilepsy, which can be treated by dissecting surgery. Overall, surgery for epilepsy mainly includes lesion resection, functional dissociative surgery, and electrical stimulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus. The treatment is different for different epilepsy patients. Indications for epilepsy surgical treatment The indications for epilepsy surgery are mainly for intractable epilepsy. Intractable epilepsy is defined on the one hand as a patient having more than two years of seizures, with more than two seizures per month, and secondly as having a clear lesion through CT and MRI. Of course there are some patients who have not found the lesion, so can we do the surgery? In fact, these patients have some potential lesions, just that the existing technology is not able to find the lesions correctly. With the development of medical technology, this kind of patients can be fused by PET plus NMR, which can find the area of the lesion, and then combined with the method of SEEG electrode implantation to find the lesion of epileptic origin by robotic implantation of electrodes, which are all very good guides for surgical treatment.