First, we need to understand the pattern of blood pressure changes. It is well known that most elderly people have a diurnal pattern of blood pressure values, i.e., it rises during the day and falls at night. Blood pressure rises after physical activity and sympathetic excitation (e.g., emotional excitement). Moreover, most elderly patients with hypertension have a significant increase in blood pressure in the morning after activity, that is, the highest blood pressure during the day should be at 6:00-11:00, after taking antihypertensive drugs in the morning, blood pressure decreases after getting up from a nap with the increase in activity and the metabolic decay of antihypertensive drugs in the body, blood pressure will rise again from about 16:00. At night, blood pressure decreases physiologically with parasympathetic excitation and after sleep, and drops to the lowest point at midnight. That is, the law of diurnal blood pressure change is: 6:00-11:00 or so and 16:00-19:00 or so blood pressure at the peak, while 12:00-15:00 or so, 21:00-5:00 or so blood pressure at the trough. According to the law of blood pressure changes, it is recommended that elderly patients with hypertension should take their medication reasonably in summer to keep their blood pressure at a more constant level and prevent frequent cardiovascular events. The appropriate amount of antihypertensive drugs should be taken at 6:00 a.m., 15:00 a.m. and 20:00 a.m. Taking drugs at 6:00 a.m. can prevent strokes in elderly patients due to sudden rise in blood pressure caused by activities such as washing after waking up, and can control the peak of blood pressure in the morning. 15:00 a.m. not only can effectively reduce the peak of blood pressure in the afternoon, but also timely replenishment of drugs to keep the blood concentration constant. 20:00 a.m. varies from person to person. 00 when it varies from person to person, for example, patients with significant diurnal blood pressure fluctuations should reduce the drug dose or take long-acting antihypertensive drugs appropriately, while patients with insignificant diurnal blood pressure fluctuations can take the drug earlier before bedtime or at 20:00 to keep blood pressure relatively stable at night and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents from occurring late at night when it is quiet. Self-measurement of blood pressure should be done at 6:00 a.m., 12:30 a.m., 16:00 a.m. and before bedtime: 6:00 a.m. to understand the state of blood pressure and to take morning antihypertensive drugs. 12:30 a.m. to understand the effect of antihypertensive drugs and the half-life of drugs, so as to prepare for nap and prevent accidents. 16:00 a.m. to understand the peak blood pressure in the afternoon and to prepare for Take blood pressure at 16:00 to understand the peak blood pressure in the afternoon and to prepare for taking medication. It is necessary to take blood pressure before bedtime to provide a basis for taking antihypertensive medication at night and also to make patients aware of their blood pressure at night to prevent accidents. In summer, in addition to regular medication, elderly patients with hypertension should pay attention to maintaining physical and mental health, eating a reasonable diet, avoiding strong spleen and anger, and over-eating fat and sweet. When taking drugs, pay attention to the instructions and precautions, and forbid the combination with certain drinks and foods that affect the antihypertensive effect of drugs. The elderly should have their blood pressure, electrocardiogram, liver and kidney function, and blood lipids checked regularly after taking antihypertensive drugs because of the declining function of organs and blood pressure regulation. Understanding the impact of hypertension on the function of the heart, liver, kidneys and other important organs will help doctors to develop prevention and treatment plans. After blood pressure is controlled and stabilized, medication should not be stopped at will, and the dose and type of medication can be changed reasonably according to the measured value and examination results. It must be clearly understood that hypertension can only be controlled by medication, not cured by medication. Summer has come, the elderly, especially hypertension and hyperlipidemia patients, should pay attention to rest, not too fatigue, should try to avoid activities in high temperatures, adjust the room temperature, reduce sweating, prevent intestinal diseases, to prevent a large loss of water in the body due to diarrhea; summer drinking more water is the most simple and effective way to prevent the increase of blood viscosity, prevent vascular embolism, the elderly should do not thirsty also often drink water. You need to drink about 2000ml of water every day, you can drink plain water or light tea to dilute the blood, you can prevent the blood viscosity too high, avoid the risk of vascular embolism. At the same time, under the guidance of doctors, you should also insist on taking relevant drugs to counteract the agglutination of red blood cells and platelets, prevent their coagulation and adhesion in the blood vessel wall, reduce the resistance to blood flow, and adjust the antihypertensive drugs in a timely manner according to medical advice to prevent the sudden onset of ischemic cardiovascular disease. Early treatment of stroke is very important, and patients are reminded of these sudden symptoms: numbness in the face, arms or legs, especially on one side of the body; difficulty speaking or understanding; problems with vision in one or both eyes and difficulty seeing objects; difficulty walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination; severe headache of unknown origin. The best time to treat a stroke is within three hours of its occurrence, which improves survival and recovery rates and prevents serious brain damage. In the morning, when the pressure is low, 6:00-10:00 is the “danger period” for hypertensive patients, elderly people who like to exercise should avoid this time and exercise moderately in the afternoon or evening.