Fetal or neonatal homozygous immune hemolysis caused by a mismatch between the mother’s blood type and the baby’s blood type is called neonatal hemolytic disease. The common neonatal hemolytic diseases are ABO hemolysis and Rh hemolysis. ABO hemolysis mainly occurs between mother and child whose mother is type O and whose fetus is not type O. The severity of symptoms is basically the same as the degree of hemolysis, mostly showing jaundice and anemia, Rh hemolysis usually does not occur in the first child, we say Rh hemolysis is generally RhD is the most common, that is, the mother is Rh negative, the fetus or newborn is Rh positive, Rh hemolysis symptoms are more serious, serious can occur The symptoms of Rh hemolysis are more serious and can lead to stillbirth in severe cases, so once hemolysis in newborns is diagnosed, treatment is needed as soon as possible. The first step is to enter the blue light box for phototherapy, which is usually continuous light therapy and can last for 24 hours in severe cases, and the second step is to consider the use of albumin for small children to increase their connection with unconjugated bilirubin and prevent the occurrence of bilirubin encephalopathy. The specific drugs can be intravenous gammaglobulin (IVIG), which is usually a single high-dose therapy, administered intravenously over 6-8 hours, with good clinical results in early application. At the same time, probiotics can be taken to change the environment in the intestine and reduce intestinal and hepatic circulation, which has a certain adjuvant therapeutic effect on reducing jaundice. In severe neonatal jaundice caused by hemolysis, blood exchange therapy should be considered if necessary, and attention should be paid to actively monitor and correct hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypothermia, correct hypoxia, anemia, edema, electrolyte disorders and heart failure during the process. Neonatal hemolysis is a relatively common disease, with the improvement of medical diagnosis and treatment technology, active treatment, the majority of the prognosis is still very good.