I. What to pay attention to during pregnancy to promote breastfeeding success? 1, pregnant women and their families should participate in the health education activities organized by the hospital to know the knowledge of breastfeeding and establish confidence in breastfeeding. 2, pregnant women should pay attention to nutrition during pregnancy. 3.Breast preparation: Pregnant women with flat and invaginated nipples should be given timely correction under the guidance of medical staff, and frequently wipe and wash the nipples with water during late pregnancy. 4. Do prenatal checkup regularly and correct any abnormalities immediately. Why should we promote early sucking? Sucking is called early sucking within one hour after the baby is born, and it has many benefits: 1. 2, sucking stimulates the nipple can increase the pituitary gland to secrete oxytocin to strengthen the uterus contraction, assist the fetal pelvis delivery, reduce postpartum bleeding. 3, colostrum can stimulate the baby’s intestinal peristalsis and promote the maturation of the intestinal mucosa. What do you mean by “mother and baby in the same room”? After delivery, the mother and the baby live in the same room for 24 hours, so that the mother will be responsible for caring for the baby from the very beginning, which can increase the affection between mother and child and promote breastfeeding at the same time. Fourth, what does it mean to feed on demand? Breastfeeding is done according to the baby’s needs, without specifying the number of feedings or the time. However, if the baby sleeps too long (more than 3 hours) or when the milk is distended, the baby should be woken up to feed. V. Exclusive breastfeeding: The mother feeds her own child with her own milk, 100% of her own milk. VI. What are the benefits of feeding colostrum to a raw baby? Compared with mature milk, colostrum has the following characteristics: 1. Colostrum contains more protein than mature milk and less fat and lactose than mature milk, which is most suitable for the needs of newborns. 2. Colostrum contains many white blood cells and antibodies that can inhibit or kill bacteria and viruses, and is known as the earliest oral immune antibody obtained. 3.It contains growth hormone to promote the development and maturation of the intestinal tract of children. 4. It can prevent allergic reactions. Seven, the correct breastfeeding posture 1, the mother should be relaxed and feel comfortable when breastfeeding. 2.The baby’s body should be close to the mother’s, with the face toward the breast, the nose to the nipple, and the jaw close to the mother’s breast; the baby’s head is in a straight line with the body. 3, such as a newborn mother should hold the baby’s buttocks with her hands. The correct sucking posture: 1. The baby’s mouth opens wide and the lower lip turns out; 2. The tongue is spooned around the breast; 3. The cheeks bulge round; 4. What should I pay attention to before breastfeeding? 1.Mother should change the baby’s diaper before breastfeeding to make the baby feel quiet and comfortable. 2. The mother should wash her hands with soap, scrub the nipples with a clean towel and rub the nipples gently a few times before starting to breastfeed. X. How to ensure sufficient breast milk? Insist on feeding on demand, sucking regularly, emptying the breast, balanced nutrition, reasonable rest and relaxation. XI. Should I breastfeed my premature baby? Premature babies need more breastfeeding. Because the milk of preterm mothers contains more nutrients and amino acids than the breast milk of full-term babies, it can fully meet the digestion and absorption of preterm babies, and can also improve the immunity of preterm babies, which has a great effect on fighting infections. Therefore, the milk of preterm mothers is most suitable for preterm babies, even if the child is too small to suck the milk, the breast milk should be extruded dropper or spoon feeding. XII. Indicators of adequate breast milk 1. Swallowing sounds are heard when breastfeeding; 2. The mother has the feeling of breastfeeding; 3. Breasts are plump before breastfeeding and softer after breastfeeding; 4. Diapers are wet more than 6 times in 24 hours; 5. The color of stool should gradually change from dark green to brown or yellow 3-4 days after birth; 6. The baby is content and quiet between the second feeding. XIII. What about sore nipples? The most common cause of sore nipples is improper sucking posture of the baby, not taking the areola into the mouth, just sucking the nipple, followed by the strong pulling out of the nipple during feeding. Treatment: Adopt the correct sucking posture. Some mothers do not feed their babies at night and try to let them sleep quietly. In fact, night feeding has many benefits, the more you suck, the more you lactate, which is more beneficial for mothers who work during the day and has an important impact on birth spacing. So you should insist on feeding your baby at night. The most common causes of breast swelling are: failure to do adequate and effective breastfeeding in the first few days after birth. (a) Milking: 1. Indications: Milking is beneficial and important for mothers to start and adhere to breastfeeding: 1) Promote lactation 2) Relieve breast swelling 3) Blocked milk ducts or milk stagnation 4) Separation of mother and baby 5) Premature low birth weight babies without sucking ability Milking should be started within 6 hours after delivery, at 3 hour intervals, and should be adhered to at night. Milking should be done for 3-5 minutes on each side of the breast, alternating between the two sides of the breast. Milking by hand should last for 20-30 minutes each time, while milking by breast pump should last for 15-20 minutes. 2. Milking method: 1) Let the mother choose a comfortable position to sit. 2) Apply a warm towel to the breasts before milking and massage and pat the breasts with your hands. You can also ask family members to help the mother with back massage to help her establish the ejection reflex. 3) Place the milk receiving container close to the breast. 4) Place the thumb and index finger 50px from the root of the nipple on the sinus, with the two fingers facing each other and the other fingers holding the breast. Use your thumb and index finger to gently press down into the chest wall, but do not press too deeply. The pressure should be applied to the breast tissue below the areola between the thumb and index finger. 5) Repeatedly press and release the milk from each duct in the breast in all directions. There should be no sliding or rubbing action of the fingers pressing the areola and no squeezing of the nipple. Can the mother continue to breastfeed if she is sick? Except for infectious diseases or serious illnesses that affect breastfeeding treatment, it is rarely necessary to stop breastfeeding. It is more dangerous to artificially feed a child than to let a sick mother breastfeed. If you have questions about breastfeeding, you can consult your obstetrician. Can I breastfeed my newborn baby if the mother is hepatitis B surface antigen positive? The possibility of transmitting hepatitis B virus to the newborn through breast milk is much smaller than intrauterine and intrapartum transmission, and the breast milk also provides antibodies and immunoglobulins to resist bacterial and viral infections, but the newborn should be vaccinated against hepatitis B immediately after birth. Eighteen, nipple cracking: caused by nipple cracking usually have the following causes: 1, maternal before pregnancy and late pregnancy is not sufficient to do a good job of breast and nipple health care; 2, maternal own nipple depression or nipple short flat; 3, the infant containing incorrect posture; 4, infant oral motor dysfunction, etc. How to deal with it? 1.Before breastfeeding ①Mother should take a comfortable and relaxed feeding position. ②Wet and hot compress the breast and nipple for 3-5 minutes, massage the breast to stimulate the discharge reflex. ③Squeeze out a small amount of milk to make the areola softer and easier for the baby to suck. 2. When breastfeeding ①Mother can first breastfeed on the lightly damaged side of the breast to reduce the sucking force of the other breast. ②Let the nipple and most of the areola suck in the baby’s mouth. Use a nipple shield that feels similar to the skin to protect the nipple so that breastfeeding can be done more easily. ④ alternately change the position of the baby (such as a lying position, then the next sitting position), so that the sucking force is dispersed around the nipple and areola; ⑤ frequent breastfeeding; ⑥ the end of feeding, wait until the baby put down the nipple, and then hold the baby away from the breast, or the mother has to interrupt feeding, then use the index finger to gently press the baby’s jaw and gently interrupt sucking. After breastfeeding ① Squeeze out a little milk and apply it to the nipple and areola to briefly expose and dry the nipple. Because milk has an inhibition effect and is rich in protein, it can play a role in repairing the epidermis. ② Wear cotton loose underwear and bra, and place a nipple cover to facilitate air circulation and healing of the lesions. ③Note: If nipple pain is severe, breastfeeding may be suspended for 24 hours, but milk should be expressed and the baby fed with a small cup or spoon. What should be noted in the diet of breastfeeding mothers: 1. Do not be partial, picky eaters, high-protein coarse grains and fine grains, meat and vegetables and fruits, are happy to eat, so as to improve the quality of milk is beneficial to the growth and development of infants. 2, do not eat too salty and less stimulating food during breastfeeding. 3.Prohibit mothers from smoking and drinking alcohol. 4.Keep the air in the baby’s bedroom fresh, and family members should not smoke in the baby’s bedroom. 5.Can eat a small amount of seasonings, such as pepper, sour vinegar, etc. 6.Beverages containing malt such as cream of wheat, wheat tea, etc. can also reduce breast milk, breastfeeding avoid consumption as much as possible. What should I do when I have difficulties in breastfeeding after discharge from the hospital? 1.A social worker will make two home visits after delivery. You can also consult the obstetrics staff at any time when you encounter breastfeeding difficulties. 2. You should go to the obstetrics clinic for a postpartum checkup 42 days after delivery. When your child reaches 30 days, you need to bring your child to the pediatric clinic so that the medical staff can understand your mother and child’s health and breastfeeding situation, so that you can get timely help.