Pneumothorax is a condition in which gas enters the pleural cavity and causes pneumatization, called pneumothorax. Mostly due to pulmonary diseases or external influences that rupture the lung tissue and dirty pleura, or rupture the fine emphysema bubble near the surface of the lung, the air in the lung and bronchus escapes into the pleural cavity. It is most common in young and middle-aged men or in those suffering from chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or tuberculosis. This disease is one of the pulmonary emergencies and can be life-threatening in severe cases, and can be cured with timely treatment. When the lung or pleural lesion ruptures the dirty pleura, or when the air in the lung and bronchus enters the pleural cavity due to the rupture of tiny vesicles and pulmonary blisters near the surface of the lung, causing air to enter the pleural cavity and forming a pneumothorax, it is called pneumothorax. Pneumothorax is usually divided into three types: artificial pneumothorax, traumatic pneumothorax and spontaneous pneumothorax. Depending on the size of the pneumothorax and different clinical types, the pneumothorax caused by various etiologies can lead to changes in intrathoracic pressure, different degrees of pressure and atrophy of the diseased side of the lung, restriction of respiratory function, and in severe cases, the mediastinum can shift to the healthy side, compressing the contralateral lung and large blood vessels, reducing the amount of cardiac blood return and heart beat output, leading to respiratory and circulatory failure. Pneumothorax recurrence is related to the treatment modality. In general, the recurrence rate is higher in conservative treatment with simple suctioning; in those who use closed drainage with chest drains, the recurrence rate will be reduced due to pleural reaction and pleural adhesions, but it will also bring serious consequences of ectopic adhesions, which will lead to more persistent recurrence. Minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery can completely remove the pulmonary blisters, thus eradicating the pneumothorax and reducing the recurrence rate of pneumothorax to less than 5%. Pneumothorax patients can say goodbye to pneumothorax recurrence forever and lead a happy and healthy life again.