The eye is the organ of the body used to perceive visual information from the outside world. It has a delicate structure and is directly exposed to the surface of the body, making it vulnerable to changes and injuries from the outside environment. There are many diseases that can affect the eyes, and the following are common. First, infectious diseases, usually caused by lack of attention to eye hygiene, such as conjunctivitis and keratitis. Second, autoimmune diseases, which are caused by abnormalities in the body’s immune function, such as sclerochalasis and iridocyclitis. Third, tumor diseases, caused by abnormal tissue cell proliferation, such as orbital rhabdomyosarcoma, lacrimal gland hybrid tumor, etc. The fourth category, ocular vascular diseases, is usually caused by occlusion of blood vessels, such as central retinal artery embolism, central retinal vein embolism, etc. Fifth, diseases involving special structures of the eye, such as retinal detachment, cataract, etc.