With the accelerated aging process in China, the prevalence of diabetes is gradually increasing, the incidence of age-related periodontal disease is even higher, and the number of patients visiting periodontics is rising. Current research has confirmed that diabetes and periodontal disease are in an interactive relationship, with periodontitis being the sixth complication of diabetes, and that there is a mutual influence between the two. Diabetes increases the risk and severity of periodontitis, and periodontitis is also a high risk factor for the development of diabetes. It increases the risk of developing complications of diabetes, such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic eye disease, and cardiovascular disease, and effective periodontal treatment facilitates glycemic control.