With the improvement of living standards, the topic of women’s health care has once again become a focus of attention. When it comes to women’s diseases, probably the most important concern should be the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological tumors. Gynecological tumors are common and frequent diseases of women, which can develop from infants to elderly women, and are mainly divided into two categories: benign tumors and malignant tumors. Malignant tumors seriously endanger women’s health and threaten women’s lives. In the treatment of malignant tumors, the effect of early stage tumor treatment is very different from that of late stage tumor treatment. In the treatment of malignant tumors, the effect of treatment in early stage of tumors is very different from that in late stage of tumors. Moreover, some malignant tumors are malignant from benign tumors. Regardless of benign or malignant tumors, early prevention and diagnosis are very important. Gynecological tumor is a problem that both “doctors” and “patients” have to face together, and gynecological tumor can be detected and treated at an early stage, and even prevented at an early stage. For this reason, we hope that women and their relatives will learn more about gynecological tumors, improve their knowledge of gynecological tumor-related diseases, understand the causes and symptoms of gynecological tumors, what problems will occur at what age, how to treat them, etc., so as to enhance the importance of cancer prevention screening for women. Gynecological tumors can be divided into vaginal tumors, vulvar tumors, ovarian tumors, uterine tumors, and fallopian tube tumors according to the different sites of incidence. Uterine and ovarian tumors are more common, while vulvar and fallopian tube tumors are less common. One is the early prevention and detection of cervical cancer, the most common malignant tumor in women, and the other is the treatment of uterine fibroids, the most common benign tumor. Early prevention and treatment of cervical cancer There are four major symptoms before cervical precancer: bleeding after sex, cervical erosion, contact bleeding and leukorrhea. Nowadays, cervical cancer is not only suffered by middle-aged and elderly women, but also by young people, and the incidence rate is not as optimistic as expected. However, cervical cancer is the only gynecological tumor that can be detected early and even prevented. Therefore, in the treatment of cervical cancer, it is more and more important to prevent cervical cancer. The incidence of cervical cancer is increasing year by year and is getting younger and younger. Medical research shows that the incidence of cervical cancer is closely related to factors such as low sex age, confusion of sexual partners, early marriage, early childbirth and multiple births. To prevent cervical cancer, all women with sexual history should pay attention to annual cervical examination. Early detection can completely minimize the damage and risk. It is now medically proven that most cervical cancers are caused by foreign viral infections that are correlated with HPV virus, and our survey shows that most women do not know that HPV virus can cause cervical cancer. After HPV infection, cancer of the cervix is a long process of development, taking an average of 8 to 12 years. During this process, patients may not have any symptoms and occasionally experience increased leukorrhea or blood in the leukorrhea. If seen with the naked eye, the cervix may even be smooth or simply show cervical erosion-like changes. There are four major symptoms before cervical precancerous lesions: bleeding after sex, cervical erosion, contact bleeding and mixed leucorrhea. Therefore, in gynecological clinics, women who have sex, when the above symptoms appear, HPV virus testing of the cervix and cervical fluid-based cytology testing, which in general terms can be called cervical cancer prevention examination, are particularly important. Cervical cancer prevention examination is extremely convenient and involves using a small, specially designed brush to brush and examine the exfoliated cells on the cervical canal through the cervical canal, which can detect precancerous cervical lesions early. If there are abnormalities in the cancer screening, further biopsy under colposcopy is required. The presenting symptoms of cervical cancer can easily be confused with other gynecological diseases. Here, we especially want to remind you that if you experience irregular vaginal bleeding, you must seek gynecological consultation. Many menopausal women may think that it is their menstrual changes during menopause, and coupled with the fact that they usually have no physical problems, they tend to ignore the existence of cervical cancer. By the time they find out, they are already very sick. Therefore, menopausal women must not ignore any signs of cervical cancer after they find it in their body. Treatment of uterine fibroids The most common symptom of patients with uterine fibroids is menstrual changes, such as shortened menstrual cycle, prolonged periods or increased menstrual volume, especially heavy bleeding in a short period of time, which can cause severe anemia in patients. When fibroids increase in size, they can press on adjacent organs and cause frequent urination, constipation, ureteral effusion and hydronephrosis. In general, fibroids do not cause pain, but if subplasma fibroids twist, they can cause acute abdominal pain; submucosal fibroids can stimulate contractions and cause spasmodic pain, and when the fibroids are red and degenerative, they can cause severe pain. Uterine fibroids can also cause increased leucorrhea and infertility. There are also some people who do not have any symptoms and are found to have fibroids when they have an ultrasound or gynecological examination for physical examination. So, how should uterine fibroids be treated when they are found? There are two types of fibroids: surgical treatment and conservative treatment. The treatment of fibroids requires a comprehensive treatment plan based on the patient’s age, fertility requirements, clinical symptoms, size and location of fibroids, etc. Surgery can be considered in the following cases: any uterus enlargement larger than 3 months of gestation, or obvious symptoms of pressure, or excessive menstrual flow, resulting in secondary anemia, are indications for surgery. Young infertile women with fibroids can be treated conservatively if they have no obvious symptoms and if the uterus is less than three months pregnant in size. Do all uterine fibroids require surgery? When is the best time to have surgery? Do I have to have an operation or a hysterectomy? Uterine fibroids are common among women in their reproductive years and are formed by focal hyperplasia of the smooth muscle of the uterus, which gradually shrinks after menopause. The lesions cannot be removed with medication. Sometimes fibroids can cause excessive menstruation, infertility, abdominal pain or pressure symptoms, and pregnant fibroids can rapidly increase in size and cause miscarriage, abdominal pain, and postpartum bleeding, so patients who have these symptoms or whose fibroids are more than 4 to 5 cm in diameter need surgery. Surgical treatment is required for women who have not had children or for young women who have had children with fibroids over 4 cm and for those who have fibroids over 5 cm after the age of 40. The following treatment options are advocated: 1. Minimally invasive surgery: laparoscopic removal of subplasmic and intermuscular fibroids and hysteroscopic electrodesis of submucosal fibroids, which can remove fibroids without opening the abdomen. 2.Total or subtotal surgery: For those who must remove the uterus, we can laparoscopically perform total or subtotal hysterectomy. 3.Ultrasound knife surgery Currently in the leading position, ultrasound knife uses the penetrating and focusable ultrasonic waves to focus high-energy ultrasonic waves on fibroids to produce instant high-temperature effect, which causes coagulative necrosis of tumor tissues to achieve the purpose of non-invasive treatment of fibroids. It is recommended that mature women should insist on having gynecological examination at least once a year and pay attention to their body reactions to be prepared for any problems. Women themselves should have the awareness to participate actively. We should also be aware of gynecological tumors. Pre-cancerous lesions can be detected through examination, and early tumors without obvious symptoms can be found. The early symptoms of gynecological tumors are not specific, but only abnormal vaginal bleeding, increased leucorrhea, lower abdominal mass or “indigestion”, belching, abdominal distension or change in urine and stool. These “ordinary” and “common” symptoms are often ignored by patients. Only if we are aware of the early symptoms of gynecological tumors, it is possible to achieve early diagnosis and early treatment, so as to strive for good treatment results.