Children’s height is the result of the interaction between genetics and the environment. Seventy percent of a child’s height comes from heredity, while the rest depends on acquired nutrition and the environment; external causes are mainly over-nutrition, lack of sleep and environmental pollution. Parents should create a good environment for their children, provide enough but not too much food, balanced but not biased nutrition; let the children have enough exercise, enjoy enough sunshine and fresh air, get enough sleep, and maintain a happy body and mind; prevent and actively treat various diseases. It is only by giving full play to the growth potential that children are born with that they can grow as tall as possible and reach their ideal height. The first growth spurt of children is before the age of 3, especially in the first year of life. Length increases by 25 centimeters. The younger the age, the faster the growth. Especially the birth of a small sample of children, in the first 6 months after birth, there is a growth catch-up phenomenon. That is, grow faster than the average infant. The average infant gains 10 centimeters in length in the first 2 months of life. If they are not fed well or are sick after birth, they may grow 5 to 6 centimeters less, or even less, and their height will be shorter than other children later. Therefore, it is important to have adequate nutrition throughout infancy and childhood, add complementary foods in time, and prevent diseases. For the birth of small samples of children should be strengthened nutrition and care, so that they accelerate growth. This is the most important first step in preventing childhood dwarfism. Most of the dwarfism can be prevented and treated, including those who are short in stature without obvious reasons. The key points in the prevention and treatment of dwarfism are as follows: 1. Children should be effectively monitored dynamically, and their height in growth and development should be recorded in time and analyzed. 2, to strengthen and improve the nutritional status of children, so that their growth and development are on a good nutritional basis. 3.Actively preventing and treating chronic diseases. Effective treatment of many kinds of chronic diseases can avoid and reduce the occurrence of dwarfism. 4, so that children have a good psychological, social and emotional atmosphere. 5.Correct endocrine hormone abnormalities. Low growth hormone and thyroid hormone are common causes of dwarfism. 6, abnormal cartilage development is mainly due to vitamin D deficiency or incomplete action, thus causing calcium and phosphorus metabolism imbalance in the body, which in turn affects bone development. Supplementation of cod liver oil, calcium, sun exposure and vitamin D supplementation or active D3 is effective.