Lung cancer is a malignant tumor, and the survival time after surgery cannot be generalized, such as in situ cancer and microinvasive adenocarcinoma, the 5-year survival rate after surgery can reach 98%. The higher the stage of lung cancer, the lower the 5-year survival rate of patients, for example, after stage IV lung cancer surgery, the 5-year survival rate is only 15%-20%. Lung cancer is a malignant tumor, and the prognosis of lung cancer is closely related to the early and late stages of the disease, pathological types and patients’ own conditions. For early stage lung cancer, especially early microscopic lung adenocarcinoma, through active surgical treatment, the 5-year survival rate is over 98% or even up to 100%. As for stage 1A lung cancer, without lymph node metastasis, the 5-year survival rate can be more than 85%, the 5-year survival rate after surgery for stage II lung cancer is 75%, and the 5-year survival rate after surgery for stage III lung cancer is 50%. In addition, small cell lung cancer is highly malignant and recurs and metastasizes early after surgery, with a 5-year survival rate of about 50%. Early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of lung cancer can significantly reduce lung cancer-related mortality. Therefore, routine early lung cancer screening is recommended for high-risk groups.