Treatment of hematuria Hematuria is a common and major manifestation of urological disorders, with a rate of approximately 4% in adults and a variety of causes. Normal urine is pale yellow with no red blood cells or occasional individual red blood cells in the urine. If urinalysis reveals an increase in red blood cells, or if the urine is red or has a washout-like change, then hematuria is present. If the amount of bleeding is small and the urine color is normal, it can only be determined by microscopic examination and is called microscopic hematuria. If the amount of bleeding is high, it usually appears as washed flesh water-like, and sometimes there may be blood clots, which is called carnal hematuria. First clarify whether it is true hematuria Before diagnosing hematuria, certain causes of red hematuria or pseudohematuria should be excluded. For example, rifampin, sulfonamide, quinine, phenolphthalein, black berries and many other drugs, chemicals, and foods can cause red urine and not hematuria. Vaginal bleeding or rectal-anal bleeding in women can lead to pseudohematuria if it contaminates the urine. Therefore, it is best to clean the vulva and leave mid-phase urine when urine testing female patients, and should avoid menstruation to help confirm the presence of true hematuria. There are many causes of hematuria, about 99% of which are caused by diseases of the urinary system itself, while the rest are caused by lesions of the whole body or adjacent organs. The main causes include acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, LGA nephropathy, hereditary nephritis, thin basal 5 nephropathy, urinary tract infection, tuberculosis, stones, tumors, cysts, malformations, lupus erythematosus, vasculitis, allergic purpura, prostatitis, cervicitis, etc. Even some drugs, such as anticoagulants, analgesics, cyclophosphamide, etc. However, hematuria can also be seen in normal people, for example, transient hematuria can occur after strenuous exercise, high fever, and heavy physical labor. The cause of hematuria can be initially determined based on medical history, clinical manifestations and relevant examinations. Routine urine test, urine red blood cell pattern, mid-stage urine culture, ultrasound and abdominal plain film are the most common tests. For some patients whose etiology is difficult to clarify, intravenous pyelogram, CT and cystoscopy are optional according to the condition. For some patients who have difficulty in clinical diagnosis, it is also necessary to use kidney biopsy for pathological diagnosis to clarify the type of kidney lesion and pathological type. Daily regimen is also important Stress and external sensation are common causes of hematuria, so proper rest and avoiding cold are the main means to prevent hematuria. Especially for patients with urinary tract infections and hematuria, drinking more water can help eliminate bacteria and prevent blood clots from forming and blocking the urinary tract. However, for hypertensive and cardiac insufficiency, it is not advisable to drink too much, so as not to induce or aggravate heart failure. Depending on the cause of the disease, the points of attention in daily life are also different. For hypertension combined with edema in patients with chronic kidney disease, salt intake should be moderately limited, chronic nephritis and purpura kidney patients should also avoid eating sea fishy hair. Chinese herbs such as white foxglove, plantain, light bamboo leaves boiled in water as a tea drink, with a clearing effect. Astragalus, Poria, Adzuki beans, Coix seeds, Gorgonian, lotus seeds, corn husk, psyllium, Chinese yam, with the benefit of Qi and water, can also be chosen for stew or porridge.