With the increasing incidence, lung cancer is becoming more and more familiar to more and more Chinese people. However, compared to this, the lack of awareness of disease prevention and control, the concept is not very clear to most of the nation.” Professor Sun Yan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, expressed his concern about the current incidence of lung cancer in China. More and more lung cancer patients” Although tumor is an ancient disease, even the British Museum has preserved the fossil of dinosaur sternum with ‘tumor’, but the earliest record of lung cancer in human was only from the 16th century. In a sense, lung cancer is an ‘artificial tumor’ caused by man’s own bad behavioral habits.” Professor Sun made this observation in a surprising way. He explained that many other tumors were known in ancient times, such as esophageal cancer in the Han Dynasty and breast cancer in ancient Egypt, but lung cancer was almost non-existent. It was not until after the 20th century that its incidence was like a “wild horse”, rapidly climbing from outside the top 10 to the number one in the world. According to statistics, from 1975 to the early 1990s, the incidence of lung cancer in China increased by 120.9% for men and 90.4% for women; in 2005, it was estimated that there were 285,000 men and 143,000 women with lung cancer in China. If no further measures are taken, by 2025, the number of lung cancer patients in China will exceed 1 million. There are three reasons why lung cancer is so prevalent, according to Professor Sun: The primary reason is smoking. Statistics show that nine out of 10 patients who die of lung cancer are smokers. Although the number of male smokers has started to decline in major cities such as Beijing, the incidence will continue to grow due to the long incidence cycle of lung cancer. The second is environmental pollution. Epidemiological surveys show that the incidence pattern of lung cancer is that areas with developed industries and heavy pollution are higher than those with less developed industries, and urban areas are higher than rural areas. This is closely related to the exhaust gases emitted from automobiles and other places. Finally, it is lifestyle. For example, in Yunnan Xuanwei, a high lung cancer incidence area in China, people use “fire pits” containing bituminous coal for heating indoors for many years because of the high cold zone, which leads to serious indoor air pollution. The incidence of lung cancer is alarmingly high in local rural areas, especially among women who spend a lot of time indoors. In addition, epidemiological surveys have shown that the large amount of fumes from canola oil used for cooking may also be a major factor in the increased incidence of lung cancer. Lung diseases, as well as immunity and genetics, are also direct causes of lung cancer. What can we do? Professor Sun said that if we can start by changing our daily living habits, lung cancer is not only preventable, but also can be diagnosed and cured early. First of all, smoking in public places is an uncivilized and immoral behavior that should be addressed, Prof. Sun pointed out. Now, the whole country attaches great importance to this issue, and not only has cigarette advertising been banned, but many government departments have asked not to smoke when they meet, which undoubtedly sets an example for the public. Second, the environment should be improved. The country has also recognized the seriousness of this problem and has made it clear that it will no longer develop the economy at the expense of the environment. Finally, compared to the government’s attention, the public is not yet aware of the seriousness of lung cancer. According to Professor Sun, this is not only because there is no public opinion environment, but also because some people are still lucky and think that lung cancer has nothing to do with them. He said that annual medical checkups, active smoking cessation and active exercise are good ways to prevent lung cancer, which is not only responsible for oneself but also for others.