There are four main characteristics of psychological problems in the elderly: First, advanced age, i.e., psychological disorders are likely to occur among the elderly, and the incidence increases with age. Second, it is widespread, that is, psychological disorders are widespread among the elderly, the proportion is high, and the trend is obviously increasing. The third is the era, in which some of the factors that induce mental illness are closely related to the times, such as the consideration of children’s employment in the past and the sharing of housing, but nowadays, the main consideration is the treatment and so on. Fourth, diversity, that is, the variety of manifestations of mental illness. There are mainly social loss, loneliness and mental depression, and the empty nest elderly have their own characteristics. In old age, all parts of the body, including the brain, gradually age and decline in function, such as blurred vision, deafness, limited mobility, wrinkled skin, graying or loss of hair, decreased metabolism, low immune function, etc. These changes in the normal physiology of the elderly, but also psychological changes, specifically in the following areas: 1, degenerative changes in the sense of perception: people in old age, the sense of Perception is the earliest psychological function to decline. Specific manifestations are visual degeneration, hearing loss, taste, smell and skin sensation gradually declining. 2, memory decline: The general trend of memory changes in the elderly is to show a decline as they grow older. For example, if you put something, you can’t remember where you put it afterwards; if you see your former colleagues or friends, you can’t remember where you met them or what their names are, and so on. According to the data, the memory of elderly people who use their brains frequently declines slowly. However, the progress of decline varies with individual differences. 3, thinking changes in old age: often people to old age, with the rich experience of social life, the accumulation of various aspects of ability, gradually improve, showing more stable and wisdom, but there is a general trend of decline in thinking ability, such as thinking slower than before, reaction speed is not as fast as before, etc.. 4.Change of social life: Retirement in old age, coming down from the original job and moving into family life, which is an important life event, it may be difficult to adjust and adapt to change and establish a new life order and life pattern in the face of role change. 5, personality changes: personality characteristics of the elderly change, some manifest in insecurity, sensitive to changes in their body functions, worried about their own illness; some manifest in loneliness, the sense of loss and lack of information in retirement home away from the group, the loneliness of the empty nest stage of the elderly especially; some poor adaptability, do not accept new ideas and new ways of life, poor acceptance of new things, the ability to respond to events has Some tend to be conservative, focusing on experience, conservative concepts, not understanding and complaining about their children’s failure to accept their own experience; some shift from the external world to the internal world, always remembering the past and easily associating with the past; some develop fear of death, etc. If you live in a good and harmonious environment, you will have a good external environment for your mental health. If you live in an environment that is often stimulated by malignant, you may have bad psychology or even psychopathy. Next is the life factor, good habits are good for people’s mental health, if involved in some bad activities, such as gambling, alcoholism, etc. will damage people’s mental health. Then there is the cultural factor, higher cultural literacy, can enable people to deeply and correctly comprehend life, can correctly deal with all the setbacks and misfortunes encountered on the road of life, and will not cause psychological disorders due to unforeseen circumstances.