Prevent kidney stones, drink more water and eat carefully Kidney stones are a kind of urolithiasis, often formed in the hot summer, because summer sweating, even dehydration in the body, so that urination is reduced, coupled with the long exposure to the sun in summer, ultraviolet radiation skin helps the body vitamin D synthesis increased, vitamin D can promote the absorption of calcium ions in the small intestine, urinary excretion of calcium increased, urinary stone material easy to produce crystalline nuclei, thus stones are formed. When small stones are washed by urine and move downward, they cause symptoms of renal colic. If small stones fuse with each other and grow larger, they can form large stones in the kidney. People’s diet is diverse and human metabolism is complex, so the composition of kidney stones is also diverse. Common stones can be divided into five types according to their composition: (a) calcium oxalate stones: the most common, accounting for more than 80% of kidney stones, formed in acidic or neutral urine, the onset of most young adults, more common in men. (b) Calcium phosphate stones: 6-9% of stones, formed in alkaline urine, also more frequent in young adults. (c) uric acid stones: 6% of stones, formed in acidic urine, stones can be dissolved when the urine pH value is greater than 6.7, more common in men. (d) Magnesium phosphate stones: 10% of stones, formed in alkaline urine, stones can dissolve when the urine pH is less than 7.2, more common in women. (v) Cystine stones: rare, accounting for 1-2% of stones, formed in acidic urine, stones can be dissolved when the urinary pH value is greater than 7.0. Drinking plenty of water has a preventive effect on all components of urinary stones. In the hot summer, the risk of urinary stone growth increases significantly when the daily urine volume is less than 1200 ml. If you can make the daily water consumption at 2000-4000 ml, this can maintain the daily urine volume at 2000 ml or more. Magnetized water is more effective in the prevention of calcium oxalate stones, and can be given in the morning, between meals, and before bedtime. The amount of water drunk in the early morning can be 500-1000 ml. In order to maintain the amount of urine at night, drink 500 ml of water before going to bed, and then drink 300-500 ml of water after getting up to urinate during sleep, and the rest of the water is taken between meals. Drinking a lot of water can promote the discharge of small stones, dilute urine can prevent the formation of urinary stone crystals, and can slow down the growth of stones. Some scholars believe that drinking more water and diet therapy can keep 2/3 of recurrent stone patients from having new stones. The following are some dietary treatments for kidney stones. (a) Calcium oxalate stones: low calcium and low oxalic acid diet is recommended. Eat less milk and dairy products, soy products, meat, animal offal (such as liver, heart, kidney, intestines, etc.), chocolate, strong tea, sesame paste, egg yolk, mushrooms, spinach, shrimp, radish, cocoa, celery, potatoes, etc. In recent years found that fiber in food can reduce the formation of urinary calcium, such as wheat bran food bran bread, rice bran also has the same effect on recurrent high calcium urinary stones effective, vitamin B1, vitamin B6 deficiency to increase urinary oxalic acid, should increase the food rich in such vitamins, such as cereals, dried fruit, hard fruits, etc. (ii) calcium phosphate stones and magnesium ammonium phosphate stones: their low calcium diet is the same as calcium oxalate stones. In the low phosphorus food, it is advisable to eat less meat, fish and bone broth. (iii) Uric acid stones: Protein intake should be limited, and the total daily protein intake should be between 48-80 g (0.8-1.0 g/kg/day). Generally, leafy vegetables contain about 10 grams of protein per pound, lean meats contain about 10 grams of protein per 50 grams, and cereals contain 35-60 grams of protein per pound. To increase the amount of fresh vegetables and fruits to eat. Vegetables and fruits contain vitamin B1 and vitamin C. Their final metabolites in the body are alkaline, and uric acid is easily dissolved in alkaline urine, so it is beneficial to treatment. Routine treatment: Use a cool diet (raw fruits, juices and raw vegetables) every 1-2 days, at least once a week. Reduce or avoid meat, animal offal, broth, gravy, sardines, crab, spinach, strong tea, coffee, and strong spices and condiments.