Chinese medicine believes that “fire and vital energy are not mutually exclusive”, which is a general summary of internal diseases, i.e., if the human body has sufficient vital energy, then evil cannot invade, while if the vital energy is insufficient, then false fire will be generated internally, and this imbalance of the relationship between qi and fire is also the basic pathogenesis of bronchiectasis,” modern research confirms that immune Defective immune function is one of the reasons for the formation of bronchiectasis and a key factor for repeated acute exacerbations. Defective humoral immune function, resulting in decreased production of secretory IgA and/or IgG in the airways or lack of IgG-modulating antibodies against podocytes, predisposes to bacterial and viral infections. partial deficiency of T-lymphocyte function may be associated with the development of bronchiectasis. Defective immune function, decreased airway defenses, and reduced ability to clear microorganisms allow microorganisms to colonize the airways and produce long-term chronic infections. The pathogenic substances produced by P. aeruginosa, such as toxins and proteolytic enzymes, can damage airway walls and lung tissue, inhibit protein synthesis and inactivate immunoglobulins. The vicious circle between Yuan Qi and Yin Fire is the key factor for the persistence of bronchiectasis. The deficiency of vital energy and the exuberance of yin fire take advantage of the deficiency to enter the lung complex and cause the disease. When the spleen and stomach are damaged, the vital energy is already deficient, the yin fire lives in the body, the lung complex is expanded, the defense function of the lung complex is low, “the most deficient place is the place of the guest evil”, the yin fire enters the lung complex by taking advantage of the deficiency, which is highly similar to the drug-resistant bacteria colonizing the airway. When the body is intolerant to wind and cold and does not intervene, the external evil will easily invade internally, and the external evil will fund the yin fire and damage the vital energy, resulting in an imbalance in the relationship between qi and fire. During the chronic stable period, the vital energy is deficient and the yin fire is weak. If no intervention is made, it is easy for external evil to invade, fund the yin fire and damage the vital energy, resulting in the dysregulation of the relationship between the qi and fire, and so on, leading to repeated alternation between the acute infectious period and the chronic stable period of bronchiectasis, which will not be cured. Therefore, we believe that the treatment of bronchiectasis in remission should focus on tonifying the spleen and stomach, benefiting the vital energy, dispersing yin fire and dispelling evil qi, so as to improve the immunity of the body and inhibit colonizing bacteria, thus prolonging the remission period of bronchiectasis and preventing the emergence of acute infections. Multiple factors interact with each other in the lung and trachea leading to the onset and development of bronchiectasis, and both recurrent respiratory infections, colonization of airway colonizing bacteria, damage to airway fibroepithelium, and increased airway secretions are closely related to the low immune function of the body, leading to a decrease in airway defense and cleansing ability. Treatments for infection, hemoptysis, sputum removal, and asthma are all symptomatic treatments. As Chinese medicine believes, the production of phlegm, stasis and fire are important to the development of the disease, but it is the lack of vital energy and the internal growth of yin and fire that multiply in the lung channels that outlines the complete etiology and pathogenesis. The dysregulation of the relationship between qi and fire, and the interaction between the two is the key factor leading to recurrent bronchiectasis and its persistence.