What is the post-operative orthopedic treatment for polydactyly?

  1, multiple finger (toe) removal and correction through a single operation can be completed Generally speaking, multiple finger (toe) removal and adjacent finger (toe) deformity correction at the same time, sometimes need to use the excess finger (toe) on the fascia, tendons, nail bed needs to be transplanted to the adjacent (toe) finger, plastic and reconstruction of the adjacent finger (toe) appearance and function. However, for the adjacent finger (toe) complex deformity with growth and development may again appear deformity, may need to phase II orthopedic again.  2, how to orthopaedic after removal of multiple fingers (toes) deformity Depending on the degree of the affected finger (toe) deformity, the correction method is also different. For deformities with abnormal bone structure development, osteotomy is required to correct the abnormal force line; for abnormal tendon stops and developmental abnormalities, tendon displacement and reconstruction are required to balance the longitudinal instability; after removal of the extra finger, the adjacent finger (toe) has an abnormal shape and size, and in order to make the finger (toe) more beautiful, fascial flap filling or extra finger (toe) transplantation is often required for correction.  3. Why deformities may still occur after surgical removal of the extra fingers (toes) The appearance of deformities in the extra fingers (toes) is mainly due to abnormalities in fetal limb differentiation and development, often due to environmental and genetic decisions. Malformed fingers (toes) often present with multi-structural abnormalities such as: vascular, nerve, tendon, skeletal and other complex malformations, some of which are difficult to resolve by current medicine. Removal of the redundant finger (toe) and repair and reconstruction of the adjacent abnormal tissue under visual assessment and physical examination can lead to secondary deformities after surgery due to defects in surgical design, abnormalities in the development and tissue structure of the affected finger (toe), and irregularities in postoperative fixation and rehabilitation, often manifesting as curvature, lateral deviation, deformities in the shape of the affected finger (toe), stiffness of the joint, tilted joint surfaces, and developmental delays. The deformity is often manifested as bending of the affected finger (toe), lateral deviation, shape deformation, joint stiffness, joint surface tilt, developmental delay, etc.  4.Deformity of fingers after surgical excision The treatment methods for deformity after surgical excision are different according to different categories, degrees and periods. Due to the young age of the child, the ossification center is not ossified, the preoperative X-ray cannot show the abnormal cartilage, and it is difficult to distinguish the articular surface from the epiphyseal plate during surgery, which may lead to incomplete cartilage resection and deformity of the finger after surgery, which can be operated again 3 months after surgery. If lateral deviation or bending deformity occurs within one month after surgery, it can be corrected by splinting or bracing; the unsightly shape of the affected finger (toe) can be corrected more than six months after surgery by skin flap design and plastic surgery, fascial flap filling, etc.; if the joint is unstable due to unbalanced tendon strength, abnormal bone growth and joint surface tilt occur after surgery, and the deformity cannot be corrected by rehabilitation training, bracing or splinting. Bone lengthening, osteotomy orthopedics, joint capsule molding, tendon transfer reconstruction and joint fusion are feasible for secondary surgical correction more than six months after surgery. All surgeries still need to be followed up closely for 1 year after surgery, and a few need to be followed up until the age of skeletal maturity.  5.Why internal fixation with Kirschner pins in surgery The biggest difference between children and adult bones is that because children grow fast and have lower bone density, the stability of Kirschner pin fixation is slightly poorer. When children move their joints, the pulling movement of tendons and bones will lead to loosening of fixation, which will not achieve the effect of strong fixation, so external plaster fixation is needed to limit the activity and help internal fixation to achieve bone healing as early as possible.  The role of the Kirschner pin is mainly twofold, on the one hand, to maintain the finger (toe) in a certain position (such as straight position) to promote soft tissue healing, does not require the Kirschner pin fixed in the bone; on the other hand, to fix the broken end of the osteotomy, the need to maintain the alignment of the osteotomy end of the relationship, the Kirschner pin needs to be fixed in the bone. Generally, the distal end of the finger (toe) needs to be left out after surgery in order to observe blood flow. When the Kirschner pin is fixed, the family should strictly supervise the child, prohibit strenuous activities such as running, jumping, playing, which can easily lead to the removal of the Kirschner pin, do not insert the Kirschner pin retrograde after it is removed to avoid retrograde infection, use gauze, support, plaster, etc. to protect the end of the pin to avoid accidental removal; prohibit the affected finger (toe) into the mouth, do not use the affected finger (toe) to grasp, hold things, so as not to increase the contamination of the pin channel; toe Kirschner pin fixation, prohibit Walking on the ground, after walking, the needle tail of the Kirschner needle is easy to contaminate, slip off and break the needle.  7, the use of klebsiella needle internal fixation to correct finger deformities in children after the klebsiella needle fixation, according to different needs generally 3-6 weeks to remove, immediately perform finger joint activity training, fixation time is too long lead to finger joint stiffness, recovery more difficult. To maintain a certain position and promote soft tissue reconstruction (such as tendon and joint capsule healing), it generally takes 3 weeks to remove the Kirschner pins; for unilateral cortical wedge osteotomy, it generally takes 3-4 weeks to remove the Kirschner pins; for complete cortical osteotomy, it generally takes 5-6 weeks to remove the Kirschner pins.  8, polydactyly (toe) postoperative removal of stitches Generally after surgery, the child will move moderately autonomously in a painless state with limited fixation, and can move completely autonomously when the internal and external fixation is removed to promote the functional rehabilitation of the stiff joints. Any failure to recover function within 1 month generally requires timely follow-up and guidance for rehabilitation training. In the case of multiple fingers (toes) that do not involve joint surgery, the postoperative flexibility of the fingers (toes) is no different from that of normal fingers (toes). In the case of multiple fingers (toes) designed for joint surgery (such as osteotomy, tendon reconstruction, joint capsule reconstruction, and kyphosis pin fixation), rehabilitation training is required for about one month, and the postoperative flexibility of the fingers (toes) will be greatly improved. The smaller the child, the stronger the plasticity.  If the finger itself has serious abnormal bone structure, abnormal tendon development, improper osteotomy, post-operative infection, post-operative scar contracture, improper rehabilitation, etc., the probability of recurrence of the deformity after surgery is slightly higher, and due to tendon adhesion, scar, tissue displacement, etc., the second stage surgery is usually more difficult to correct, and may be more difficult than the first surgery. Even experienced surgeons cannot completely eliminate the possibility of recurrence of deformity.