Infantile hydrocephalus (commonly known as macrocephaly) is a relatively common disorder of infancy and childhood. Its main causes are classified as congenital and acquired. So-called congenital hydrocephalus is the most common congenital neurological malformation disorder. Almost all congenital hydrocephalus is due to obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid channels. It is particularly common due to obstruction of the midbrain aqueduct and the outlet of the fourth ventricle of the ventricular system. The main causes include intrauterine infection, hemorrhage, and genetic factors. It is sometimes accompanied by other congenital disorders, such as spina bifida. Acquired hydrocephalus, on the other hand, refers to hydrocephalus that occurs after birth due to other causes. The following are common: 1. hydrocephalus after ventricular hemorrhage, common birth injury during childbirth, vascular lesions, etc. 2. Infectious hydrocephalus, commonly bacterial meningitis (such as tuberculous meningitis). 3.Tumor hydrocephalus, due to intracranial tumors blocking the cerebrospinal fluid circulation channels. 4, intracranial abnormal hydrocephalus, such as skull base bone hyperplasia, due to increased venous pressure. No matter what type of hydrocephalus, the early manifestations are mainly increased intracranial pressure, cracked skull bones, full fontanelle, thinning of scalp, angry scalp veins, infant irritability, dull expression, poor diet, and continuous high-pitched short abnormal crying. Both eyes are downcast but not accompanied by drooping upper eyelids, and the head circumference gradually increases out of proportion to age. While the head is enlarging, the face is very small. In addition to mental retardation, there are various severe spasms, visual impairment, inability to sit or stand, and paralysis of the lower limbs. Big head doll is not an incurable disease. As long as early detection and early treatment, the survival rate, improvement of various functions and recovery rate is still very high. However, there are often many misconceptions in society, such as parents thinking that a large head in a child is a sign of intelligence and not seeking medical attention, which delays the condition. Furthermore, even if they know that their child has hydrocephalus, they are reluctant to have surgery and always hope to solve the problem through conservative treatment, such as taking medication. As time goes by, the condition is also delayed and the best time for surgery is lost. The timing of the treatment of big head doll is the word “early”, from the time of infant brain development, 0-3 years after birth is the best period of growth and development. Especially when 0-1 years old, if you miss this period, and then treatment, the effect will be greatly reduced. Due to the long-term chronic hydrocephalus, the intracranial pressure increases and the brain, which should be developing rapidly, shrinks due to the pressure of hydrocephalus. Eventually it can become thinner to about 1cm, which seriously affects the physiological function of the pediatric patient. Even after surgery, the development of the brain is very delayed due to missing the optimal developmental period, and the recovery of function is of course slow. The most effective and certain treatment for hydrocephalus in infants and children is still surgery. The purpose of surgery is to shunt excess fluid within the skull or to open up the blockage in the ventricular system and establish normal cerebrospinal fluid circulation pathways. The traditional ventricular —– abdominal shunt is still effective, but with time, the patient will need to be operated on again for various reasons that may lead to blockage of the shunt. Finally I still hope that the parents of macrosomia will never delay the treatment of your child and choose a good treatment as early as possible and never miss the best time for treatment.