Kidney stones are a common disease in China. This disease is usually unpopular, and when it strikes, it is so painful that people want to die. Nevertheless, many people can avoid the formation of stones if they pay attention to prevention. The so-called kidney stones are the result of an increase in the concentration or decrease in the solubility of certain crystalline substances in the body, in a state of supersaturation, and precipitation of crystals in the urinary tract to accumulate into a heap, eventually forming stones. According to statistics, there are about 61.2 million adult kidney stone patients in China, almost 1 in 17 people suffer from kidney stones, and the south is higher than the north, rural than urban, men than women. There are more salty people than light eaters, and more sedentary people than athletic people. Kidney stones are found in the following types according to their crystal characteristics: 1. Calcium oxalate stones are found in sedentary people who have been vegetarians for a long time, and also in people who take a lot of herbal medicines for a long time. The stones are hard, unbreakable, rough, irregular and brown in color. 2, urate stones Most commonly seen in people who love to eat large meat and high uric acidemia, especially obese and gout patients. The stones are hard, smooth, granular, yellow or brownish-red in color. 3. Calcium phosphate stones are usually found in people with chronic kidney disease and long-term blind calcium supplementation. The stones are fragile, rough, irregular, grayish white, yellow or brown. They are often caused by urinary tract infection and obstruction. If the stones are divided into upper urinary tract stones including kidney stones, ureteral stones and lower urinary tract stones including bladder stones and urethral stones, they can be classified according to the location of the stones. Nowadays, ultrasound is very popular, so it is necessary to go to the hospital once a year for a urinary tract system checkup to observe whether there are stones in the kidneys, with the emphasis on reminding that when the crystals in the kidneys increase, it is often a precursor to the formation of stones, which needs to be taken seriously and actively prevented. The prevention of stones should start from the mouth, the following links must pay attention to 1, drink more water The formation of stones is related to the supersaturation of crystals in the urine, so after drinking more water can dilute the urine, so that the solutes are more uniformly diluted in the urine, to promote their discharge, thereby reducing the probability of crystalline deposits to form stones. When drinking water, it is best to use alkaline water, especially soda, because in an alkaline environment some components (urate, oxalate) are difficult to become crystals. Secondly, the amount of water should be drunk to a certain extent so that it acts as a flushing of the urinary tract. Some studies have shown that if the daily urine volume exceeds 2000 ML, the risk of stones is significantly reduced. 2, careful use of calcium supplements Today is the national calcium supplement fever, especially middle-aged women, many people associate the so-called osteoporosis simply with calcium deficiency, blindly supplementing calcium. Secondly, more than 90% of these patients have stepped into the misunderstanding of calcium supplementation, with the result that these extra calcium salts are not absorbed and run around in the bloodstream, easily forming stones in the kidney deposits. Therefore, it is important to remember that calcium supplementation must be done carefully and in a scientific way. In fact, milk is the best source of calcium intake in daily life, both physiological and easily absorbed and utilized. 250-500ml of milk per day is enough to meet the physiological calcium needs of the average person. If you make up calcium from bone broth, the world is going to cry. 3, adjust the diet More intake of fruits and vegetables is also beneficial to reduce calcium salt crystallization and deposition. Such as citrus, lemon, tomato, these are not only the content of purine is relatively low.