Cystic masses in the abdominal cavity of fetuses are more common in females, mainly due to: 1) ovarian cysts; 2) abdominal teratomas; 3) cysts of intestinal origin; 4) choledochal cysts, etc. The origin of the cystic masses cannot be specifically determined prenatally, but ovarian cysts are most common in females overall. We suggest that ultrasonography can be performed again after birth. For simple ovarian cysts in females with diameter <5.0 cm and no clinical symptoms, there is a possibility of natural regression, so surgery can be suspended and reviewed regularly; however, regardless of the nature of the cystic inclusion, there are symptoms of severe abdominal compression and suspicious torsional necrosis of the mass, there are indications for early surgery. Laparoscopically assisted diagnosis and treatment of cystic abdominal masses has unique advantages. For ovarian cysts/teratomas we take the principle that after cyst aspiration, the cystic membrane along with the affected ovary is raised through the umbilical hole and the cystic membrane is peeled off or the teratoma is removed, preserving as much as possible the normal ovarian tissue on the affected side, while the contralateral ovarian tissue can be explored under laparoscopy. Most of the cysts of intestinal origin are located at the end of the ileum, and this segment of the intestine is free, and the resection and anastomosis of the diseased segment of the intestine can also be done extraperitoneally by raising it through the umbilical port. The principle of treatment for choledochal cysts is that the indication for surgery exists upon detection, and the progression of the disease can cause further liver tissue damage. In conclusion, the prognosis of fetal abdominal cystic masses is mostly good, prenatal consultation and further postnatal review are necessary, and the use of laparoscopic surgery can significantly reduce the impact of this type of disease on the child.